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,The major impact of the physiological changes that occur with D. All of the above
aging is:
A. Reduced physiological reserve
B. Reduced homeostatic mechanisms
C. Impaired immunological response
D. All of the above
The strongest evidence regarding normal physiological aging C. Longitudinal studies
is available through:
A. Randomized controlled clinical trials
B. Cross-sectional studies
C. Longitudinal studies
D. Case control studies
All of the following statements are true about laboratory B. Abnormal findings are often due to physiological aging
values in older adults except:
A. Reference ranges are preferable
B. Abnormal findings are often due to physiological aging
C. Normal ranges may not be applicable for older adults
D. Reference values are not necessarily acceptable value
Biochemical individuality is best described as: D. Each individual's variation is often much smaller than that of a larger group
A. Each individual's variation is often much greater than that of
a larger group B. The unique biochemical profile of a selected
population
C. The truly "normal" individual—falling within average range
D. Each individual's variation is often much smaller than that of
a larger group
Polypharmacy is best described as taking: C. Even a single medication if there is not a clear indication for its use
A. More than nine medications per day
B. More than five medications per day
C. Even a single medication if there is not a clear indication for
its use
D. When a drug is given to treat the side effect of another
drug
,Pharmacokinetic changes with aging is reflective of: B. What the body does to the drug
A. What the drug does to the body
B. What the body does to the drug
C. The effect at the site of action and the time and intensity of
the drug
D. The side effects commonly associated with the drug
All the following statements are false about drug absorption D. Underlying chronic disease has little impact on drug absorption
except:
A. Antacids increase the bioavailability of digitalis
B. Gastric acidity decreases with age
C. Anticholinergics increase colonic motility
D. Underlying chronic disease has little impact on drug
absorption
All of the following statements are true about drug A. Drugs distributed in water have lower concentration
distribution in the elderly except:
A. Drugs distributed in water have lower concentration
B. Drugs distributed in fat have less intense, more prolonged
effect
C. Drugs highly protein bound have greater potential to cause
an adverse drug reaction
D. The fastest way to deliver a drug to the action site is by
inhalation
Men have faster and more efficient biotransformation of drugs C. Testosterone
and this is thought to be due to:
A. Less obesity rates than women
B. Prostate enlargement
C. Testosterone
D. Less estrogen than women
The cytochrome p system involves enzymes that are C. Inhibited or induced by drugs
generally:
A. Inhibited by drugs
B. Induced by drugs
C. Inhibited or induced by drugs
D. Associated with decreased liver perfusion
, A statement not shown to be true about pharmacodynamics A. Decreased sensitivity to oral anticoagulants
changes with aging is:
A. Decreased sensitivity to oral anticoagulants
B. Enhanced sensitivity to central nervous system drugs
C. Drug responsiveness can be influenced by patient activity
level
D. There is a decreased sensitivity to beta blockers
Atypical presentation of disease in the elderly is reflected by C. Myocardial infarction with chest pain and diaphoresis
all the following except:
A. Infection without fever
B. Depression without dysphoric mood
C. Myocardial infarction with chest pain and diaphoresis
D. Cardiac manifestations of thyroid disease
Functional abilities are best assessed by: B. Observed assessment of function
A. Self-report of function
B. Observed assessment of function
C. A comprehensive head-to-toe examination
D. Family report of function
The leading cause of death in elderly travelers worldwide is: C. Accidents
A. Cardiovascular disease
B. Infections
C. Accidents
D. Malaria
Which of the following should be avoided in countries where C. Salad buffet
food and water precautions are to be observed?
A. Hot coffee
B. Bottled water
C. Salad buffet
D. Unpeeled bananas