UTA NURS 3365 Pharmacology Exam 1
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Section I — Pharmacology Foundations and
Pharmacokinetics
1. Which statement best describes pharmacokinetics?
A. What a drug does to the body
B. How drugs interact with receptors
C. How the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and
eliminates a drug
D. How drugs are prescribed
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of
drugs through the body and includes absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion.
2. Pharmacodynamics refers primarily to:
A. Drug absorption
B. Drug excretion
C. The effects of drugs on the body
D. Drug distribution
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes drug actions,
receptor interactions, and resulting physiologic effects.
,3. Which pharmacokinetic process occurs when a drug
enters the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Rationale: Absorption is the movement of a drug from its
administration site into systemic circulation.
4. Which route generally provides 100% bioavailability?
A. Oral
B. Subcutaneous
C. Intramuscular
D. Intravenous
Rationale: IV administration places the drug directly into
systemic circulation.
5. Bioavailability refers to:
A. The amount of drug excreted in urine
B. The drug's half-life
C. The fraction of an administered dose that reaches
systemic circulation
D. The time required for metabolism
Rationale: Bioavailability indicates how much active drug
becomes available systemically.
6. Which route is most affected by the hepatic first-pass
effect?
,A. IV
B. Sublingual
C. Transdermal
D. Oral
Rationale: Orally administered drugs pass through the
gastrointestinal tract and portal circulation before reaching
systemic circulation.
7. A patient has severe liver disease. Which
pharmacokinetic process is most directly affected?
A. Absorption
B. Metabolism
C. Administration
D. Distribution only
Rationale: The liver is a major site of drug metabolism.
8. The nurse understands that most drug metabolism occurs
in the:
A. Kidneys
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Rationale: Hepatic enzymes, particularly the CYP450 system,
metabolize many medications.
9. The primary organ responsible for elimination of many
medications is the:
A. Liver
B. Stomach
, C. Pancreas
D. Kidneys
Rationale: Renal filtration, secretion, and reabsorption are
major mechanisms of drug elimination.
10. A patient with significantly decreased renal function is
at greatest risk for:
A. Reduced drug absorption only
B. Drug accumulation and toxicity
C. Faster drug elimination
D. Increased first-pass metabolism
Rationale: Reduced renal clearance can cause medications or
metabolites to accumulate.
11. What does a drug's half-life indicate?
A. Time until the drug begins working
B. Time until the drug is completely eliminated
C. Time required for the drug concentration to decrease by
50%
D. Time needed for absorption
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for plasma drug
concentration to fall by half.
12. A medication has a half-life of 8 hours. Approximately
how long would it take for one-half of the drug to be
eliminated?
A. 2 hours
B. 4 hours
Most Tested Questions Collection &
Verified Detailed Answers With
Rationales| Tutor Verified Success
Exam) Graded A+
Section I — Pharmacology Foundations and
Pharmacokinetics
1. Which statement best describes pharmacokinetics?
A. What a drug does to the body
B. How drugs interact with receptors
C. How the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and
eliminates a drug
D. How drugs are prescribed
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of
drugs through the body and includes absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion.
2. Pharmacodynamics refers primarily to:
A. Drug absorption
B. Drug excretion
C. The effects of drugs on the body
D. Drug distribution
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes drug actions,
receptor interactions, and resulting physiologic effects.
,3. Which pharmacokinetic process occurs when a drug
enters the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Rationale: Absorption is the movement of a drug from its
administration site into systemic circulation.
4. Which route generally provides 100% bioavailability?
A. Oral
B. Subcutaneous
C. Intramuscular
D. Intravenous
Rationale: IV administration places the drug directly into
systemic circulation.
5. Bioavailability refers to:
A. The amount of drug excreted in urine
B. The drug's half-life
C. The fraction of an administered dose that reaches
systemic circulation
D. The time required for metabolism
Rationale: Bioavailability indicates how much active drug
becomes available systemically.
6. Which route is most affected by the hepatic first-pass
effect?
,A. IV
B. Sublingual
C. Transdermal
D. Oral
Rationale: Orally administered drugs pass through the
gastrointestinal tract and portal circulation before reaching
systemic circulation.
7. A patient has severe liver disease. Which
pharmacokinetic process is most directly affected?
A. Absorption
B. Metabolism
C. Administration
D. Distribution only
Rationale: The liver is a major site of drug metabolism.
8. The nurse understands that most drug metabolism occurs
in the:
A. Kidneys
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Rationale: Hepatic enzymes, particularly the CYP450 system,
metabolize many medications.
9. The primary organ responsible for elimination of many
medications is the:
A. Liver
B. Stomach
, C. Pancreas
D. Kidneys
Rationale: Renal filtration, secretion, and reabsorption are
major mechanisms of drug elimination.
10. A patient with significantly decreased renal function is
at greatest risk for:
A. Reduced drug absorption only
B. Drug accumulation and toxicity
C. Faster drug elimination
D. Increased first-pass metabolism
Rationale: Reduced renal clearance can cause medications or
metabolites to accumulate.
11. What does a drug's half-life indicate?
A. Time until the drug begins working
B. Time until the drug is completely eliminated
C. Time required for the drug concentration to decrease by
50%
D. Time needed for absorption
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for plasma drug
concentration to fall by half.
12. A medication has a half-life of 8 hours. Approximately
how long would it take for one-half of the drug to be
eliminated?
A. 2 hours
B. 4 hours
