Statistics Exam #1 Chapters 1
& 2 Questions and Answers
Updated 2026
DefinitionBofBstatisticsB-
BAnswerBTheBstudyBofBhowBtoBcollect,Borganize,Banalyze,BandBinterpretBnumericalBinf
ormationBfromBdata.
DefinitionBofBindividualsB-BAnswerBTheBpeopleBorBobjectsBincludedBinBtheBstudy.
DefinitionBofBvariablesB-
BAnswerBABcharacteristicBofBtheBindividualBtoBbeBmeasuredBorBobserved.
DefinitionBofBaBquantitativeBvariableB-
BAnswerBHasBaBvalueBorBnumericalBmeasurementBforBwhichBoperationsBsuchBasBaddi
tionBorBaveragingBmakeBsense.
DefinitionBofBaBqualitativeBvariableB-
BAnswerBDescribesBanBindividualBbyBplacingBtheBindividualBintoBaBcategoryBorBgroup,
BsuchBasBmaleBorBfemale.
DefinitionBofBpopulationBdataB-
BAnswerBTheBdataBisBfromBeveryBindividualBofBinterest.
DefinitionBofBsampleBdataB-
BAnswerBTheBdataBareBfromBonlyBsomeBofBtheBindividualsBofBinterest.
DefinitionBofBpopulationBparameterB-
BAnswerBABnumericalBmeasureBthatBdescribesBanBaspectBofBaBpopulation.
DefinitionBofBaBsampleBstatisticB-
BAnswerBABnumericalBmeasureBthatBdescribesBanBaspectBofBaBsample.
, NominalBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBconsistsBofBnames,Blabels,BorBcategories.BThereBareBno
BimpliedBcriteriaBbyBwhichBtheBdataBcanBbeBorderedBfromBsmallestBtoBlargest.B(WeBc
anBputBtheBdataBintoBcategories.)
OrdinalBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBcanBbeBarrangedBinBorder.BHowever,BdifferencesBbetwe
enBdataBvaluesBeitherBcannotBbeBdeterminedBorBareBmeaningless.B(WeBcanBputBtheB
dataBfromBsmallestBtoBlargestBorB"worst"BtoB"best."BEachBdataBvalueBcanBbeBcompar
edBwithBanotherBdataBvalue.)
IntervalBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBcanBbeBarrangedBinBorder.BInBaddition,BdifferencesBbet
weenBdataBvaluesBareBmeaningful.B(WeBcanBorderBtheBdataBandBalsoBtakeBtheBdiffer
ence.BAtBthisBlevel,BitBmakesBsenseBtoBcompareBtheBdifferenceBbetweenBdataBvalues.
BForBinstance,BweBcanBsayBthatBoneBdataBvalueBisB5BmoreBthanBorB12BlessBthanBan
otherBdataBvalue.)
RatioBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBcanBbeBarrangedBinBorder.BInBaddition,BbothBdifferenc
esBbetweenBdataBvaluesBandBratiosBofBdataBvaluesBareBmeaningful.BDataBatBtheBratio
BlevelBhaveBaBtrueBzero.B(WeBcanBorderBtheBdata,BtakeBdifferences,BandBalsoBfindBth
eBratioBbetweenBdataBvalues.BForBinstance,BitBmakesBsenseBtoBsayBthatBoneBdataBval
ueBisBtwiceBasBlargeBasBanother.)
DefinitionBofBaBsimpleBrandomBsampleB-
BAnswerBABsimpleBrandomBsampleBofB"n"BmeasurementsBfromBaBpopulationBisBaBsu
bsetBofBtheBpopulationBselectedBinBsuchBaBmannerBthatBeveryBsampleBofBsizeB"n"Bfr
omBtheBpopulationBhasBanBequalBchanceBofBbeingBselected.
DefinitionBofBstrataB-
BAnswerBGroupsBorBclassesBinsideBaBpopulationBthatBshareBaBcommonBcharacteristic
& 2 Questions and Answers
Updated 2026
DefinitionBofBstatisticsB-
BAnswerBTheBstudyBofBhowBtoBcollect,Borganize,Banalyze,BandBinterpretBnumericalBinf
ormationBfromBdata.
DefinitionBofBindividualsB-BAnswerBTheBpeopleBorBobjectsBincludedBinBtheBstudy.
DefinitionBofBvariablesB-
BAnswerBABcharacteristicBofBtheBindividualBtoBbeBmeasuredBorBobserved.
DefinitionBofBaBquantitativeBvariableB-
BAnswerBHasBaBvalueBorBnumericalBmeasurementBforBwhichBoperationsBsuchBasBaddi
tionBorBaveragingBmakeBsense.
DefinitionBofBaBqualitativeBvariableB-
BAnswerBDescribesBanBindividualBbyBplacingBtheBindividualBintoBaBcategoryBorBgroup,
BsuchBasBmaleBorBfemale.
DefinitionBofBpopulationBdataB-
BAnswerBTheBdataBisBfromBeveryBindividualBofBinterest.
DefinitionBofBsampleBdataB-
BAnswerBTheBdataBareBfromBonlyBsomeBofBtheBindividualsBofBinterest.
DefinitionBofBpopulationBparameterB-
BAnswerBABnumericalBmeasureBthatBdescribesBanBaspectBofBaBpopulation.
DefinitionBofBaBsampleBstatisticB-
BAnswerBABnumericalBmeasureBthatBdescribesBanBaspectBofBaBsample.
, NominalBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBconsistsBofBnames,Blabels,BorBcategories.BThereBareBno
BimpliedBcriteriaBbyBwhichBtheBdataBcanBbeBorderedBfromBsmallestBtoBlargest.B(WeBc
anBputBtheBdataBintoBcategories.)
OrdinalBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBcanBbeBarrangedBinBorder.BHowever,BdifferencesBbetwe
enBdataBvaluesBeitherBcannotBbeBdeterminedBorBareBmeaningless.B(WeBcanBputBtheB
dataBfromBsmallestBtoBlargestBorB"worst"BtoB"best."BEachBdataBvalueBcanBbeBcompar
edBwithBanotherBdataBvalue.)
IntervalBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBcanBbeBarrangedBinBorder.BInBaddition,BdifferencesBbet
weenBdataBvaluesBareBmeaningful.B(WeBcanBorderBtheBdataBandBalsoBtakeBtheBdiffer
ence.BAtBthisBlevel,BitBmakesBsenseBtoBcompareBtheBdifferenceBbetweenBdataBvalues.
BForBinstance,BweBcanBsayBthatBoneBdataBvalueBisB5BmoreBthanBorB12BlessBthanBan
otherBdataBvalue.)
RatioBlevelBofBmeasurementB-
BAnswerBAppliesBtoBdataBthatBcanBbeBarrangedBinBorder.BInBaddition,BbothBdifferenc
esBbetweenBdataBvaluesBandBratiosBofBdataBvaluesBareBmeaningful.BDataBatBtheBratio
BlevelBhaveBaBtrueBzero.B(WeBcanBorderBtheBdata,BtakeBdifferences,BandBalsoBfindBth
eBratioBbetweenBdataBvalues.BForBinstance,BitBmakesBsenseBtoBsayBthatBoneBdataBval
ueBisBtwiceBasBlargeBasBanother.)
DefinitionBofBaBsimpleBrandomBsampleB-
BAnswerBABsimpleBrandomBsampleBofB"n"BmeasurementsBfromBaBpopulationBisBaBsu
bsetBofBtheBpopulationBselectedBinBsuchBaBmannerBthatBeveryBsampleBofBsizeB"n"Bfr
omBtheBpopulationBhasBanBequalBchanceBofBbeingBselected.
DefinitionBofBstrataB-
BAnswerBGroupsBorBclassesBinsideBaBpopulationBthatBshareBaBcommonBcharacteristic