ASB 222 TEST BANK EXAM REVIEW WITH
SOLVED QUESTIONS GRADED
◉ Universe . Answer: 10 billion years
◉ Precambrian . Answer: First major era of geological time, extending
from the origins of earth to about 600 m.y.a
◉ Paleozoic . Answer: The appearance of the first vertebrate species:
fish and amphibians
◉ Mesozoic era . Answer: Around 245 mya. The age of dinosaurs
◉ Cenozoic . Answer: Period of extinction, our current era. Divided
into 7 epochs:
◉ Epochs (discussed on page 4) . Answer: There are 7 epochs:
Holocene, pleistocene, pliocene, miocene, oligocene, eocene, and
paleocene (in order from most recent to oldest)
,◉ Culture (pg 5) . Answer: The means to human adaption based on
experience, learning, and the use of tools. Cultural and biological
responses to the weather for example.
◉ Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel (pg 6) . Answer: The Theory of
Natural Selection by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the
middle of the 19th century, describes the process of change. Strongly
influenced by the ideas of Thomas Malthus who was an English
clergyman and Philosopher. concept was introduced in 1859. he went on
a global voyage abroad the HMS Beagle.
◉ Thomas Malthus (pg 6) . Answer: an English clergyman and
Philosopher. Wrote an Essay which observed the growth rate of the
human population potentially exceeded the amount of food available.
His essay was called Essay on the Principal of Population
◉ Archaeology . Answer: the investigation of the choices that our
ancestors made as they evolved from the first humans to historical
present.
◉ Biological Anthropology . Answer: the study of biological nature of
our nearest relatives and ourselves. Studies bones, blood, genetics,
growth, demography, and other aspects of living and fossil humans and
primates like monkeys and apes.
◉ Mesoptomania and China (pg 8) . Answer: Where writing began.
,◉ Archaeological material . Answer: often is discovered by accident.
◉ Archaeological sites: (pg 8) . Answer: The discovery depends on
what is already known about the site. the next step involves visiting local
historical societies. Maps are an important tool for fieldwork, especially
topographic maps. non renewable resources, like endangered species.
Important factor include age of the site, the effects of erosion and
deposition, bioturbation, and conditions of humidity and acidity.
◉ Aerial Photographs (pg 9) . Answer: can provide information on the
location of archaeological sites.
◉ Topographic maps (page 8) . Answer: Topographic maps show the
shape of the land surface with contour or elevation lines and are
available for most areas and contain a great deal of info about longitude
and latitude, elevation, slope, and location of water, roads, towns, and
other features.
◉ Geological Survey (pg 9) . Answer: Compiles and distributes
topographic maps.
◉ Field Notes (page 10) . Answer: Info must be recorded about each
find notes should include info like
, 1. the location, site number, map number, which field, and position in
the field.
2. The Archaeological material found: types and numbers of artifacts,
fire-cracked stones, charcoal, and so on.
3. observations about the site, for example, discolorations in the soil that
could indicate cultural layers or pits, the presence of mounds, stone
foundations or walls, nearby streams or other sources.
◉ Phosphate Analysis (pg 10) . Answer: may reveal traces of human
activity. Phosphate is found in bones, feces, urine, and other organic
matter that accumulate in the human habitation. appears as a strong blue
color in the analysis.
◉ Geophysical prospecting . Answer: can be used to detect disturbances
in the sub soil and the presence of prehistoric features. this includes the
measurement of magnetic variations in the ground and of the electrical
conductivity of the soil and use of ground-penetrating radar, GPR.
(metal detectors for example)
◉ GPR Ground-penetrating Radar . Answer: An instrument for remote
sensing or prospecting for buried structures using radar maps of subsoil
features.
◉ Excavation and choosing and excavation site. page 13 . Answer: The
technique that archaeologists use to uncover buried remains from the
past. Buried materials are usually more abundant and better preserved
SOLVED QUESTIONS GRADED
◉ Universe . Answer: 10 billion years
◉ Precambrian . Answer: First major era of geological time, extending
from the origins of earth to about 600 m.y.a
◉ Paleozoic . Answer: The appearance of the first vertebrate species:
fish and amphibians
◉ Mesozoic era . Answer: Around 245 mya. The age of dinosaurs
◉ Cenozoic . Answer: Period of extinction, our current era. Divided
into 7 epochs:
◉ Epochs (discussed on page 4) . Answer: There are 7 epochs:
Holocene, pleistocene, pliocene, miocene, oligocene, eocene, and
paleocene (in order from most recent to oldest)
,◉ Culture (pg 5) . Answer: The means to human adaption based on
experience, learning, and the use of tools. Cultural and biological
responses to the weather for example.
◉ Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel (pg 6) . Answer: The Theory of
Natural Selection by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the
middle of the 19th century, describes the process of change. Strongly
influenced by the ideas of Thomas Malthus who was an English
clergyman and Philosopher. concept was introduced in 1859. he went on
a global voyage abroad the HMS Beagle.
◉ Thomas Malthus (pg 6) . Answer: an English clergyman and
Philosopher. Wrote an Essay which observed the growth rate of the
human population potentially exceeded the amount of food available.
His essay was called Essay on the Principal of Population
◉ Archaeology . Answer: the investigation of the choices that our
ancestors made as they evolved from the first humans to historical
present.
◉ Biological Anthropology . Answer: the study of biological nature of
our nearest relatives and ourselves. Studies bones, blood, genetics,
growth, demography, and other aspects of living and fossil humans and
primates like monkeys and apes.
◉ Mesoptomania and China (pg 8) . Answer: Where writing began.
,◉ Archaeological material . Answer: often is discovered by accident.
◉ Archaeological sites: (pg 8) . Answer: The discovery depends on
what is already known about the site. the next step involves visiting local
historical societies. Maps are an important tool for fieldwork, especially
topographic maps. non renewable resources, like endangered species.
Important factor include age of the site, the effects of erosion and
deposition, bioturbation, and conditions of humidity and acidity.
◉ Aerial Photographs (pg 9) . Answer: can provide information on the
location of archaeological sites.
◉ Topographic maps (page 8) . Answer: Topographic maps show the
shape of the land surface with contour or elevation lines and are
available for most areas and contain a great deal of info about longitude
and latitude, elevation, slope, and location of water, roads, towns, and
other features.
◉ Geological Survey (pg 9) . Answer: Compiles and distributes
topographic maps.
◉ Field Notes (page 10) . Answer: Info must be recorded about each
find notes should include info like
, 1. the location, site number, map number, which field, and position in
the field.
2. The Archaeological material found: types and numbers of artifacts,
fire-cracked stones, charcoal, and so on.
3. observations about the site, for example, discolorations in the soil that
could indicate cultural layers or pits, the presence of mounds, stone
foundations or walls, nearby streams or other sources.
◉ Phosphate Analysis (pg 10) . Answer: may reveal traces of human
activity. Phosphate is found in bones, feces, urine, and other organic
matter that accumulate in the human habitation. appears as a strong blue
color in the analysis.
◉ Geophysical prospecting . Answer: can be used to detect disturbances
in the sub soil and the presence of prehistoric features. this includes the
measurement of magnetic variations in the ground and of the electrical
conductivity of the soil and use of ground-penetrating radar, GPR.
(metal detectors for example)
◉ GPR Ground-penetrating Radar . Answer: An instrument for remote
sensing or prospecting for buried structures using radar maps of subsoil
features.
◉ Excavation and choosing and excavation site. page 13 . Answer: The
technique that archaeologists use to uncover buried remains from the
past. Buried materials are usually more abundant and better preserved
