RN VATI FUNDAMENTALS
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100%
CORRECT | GRADE A+
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an elective surgical procedure. Which of
the following actions is the nurse’s priority regarding informed consent?
A. Determining if the client understands the information provided by the surgeon
B. Witnessing the client’s signature on the consent form
C. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure to the client
D. Discussing alternative treatment options with the client
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The nurse’s role in informed consent is to advocate for the client
by ensuring they understand the information provided. While the nurse witnesses the
signature, verifying understanding is a higher priority to ensure autonomy. Explaining risks
and alternatives is the surgeon’s responsibility.
2. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which of the following techniques
should the nurse use first when assessing the client’s abdomen?
A. Palpation
,B. Percussion
C. Inspection
D. Auscultation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The correct sequence for abdominal assessment is Inspection,
Auscultation, Percussion, and Palpation. Inspection is always first to observe for symmetry
and abnormalities without disturbing bowel sounds.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which of
the following needles should the nurse select?
A. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch
B. 21-gauge, 1-inch
C. 27-gauge, 1/2-inch
D. 22-gauge, 1 1/2-inch
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: For an obese client, a longer needle (1 to 1.5 inches or more) is
required to ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue rather than the subcutaneous
layer. A 22-gauge is appropriate for most IM injections.
, 4. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a fluid volume deficit. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hematocrit 55%
B. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C. Urine specific gravity 1.005
D. Serum sodium 130 mEq/L
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Fluid volume deficit (dehydration) leads to hemoconcentration,
resulting in an elevated hematocrit (normal range 37-52%). BUN and specific gravity
would also be elevated, not decreased.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is on airborne precautions. Which of the following
protective equipment is required for the nurse to wear when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask
B. N95 respirator
C. Gown and gloves
D. Face shield
Answer: B
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100%
CORRECT | GRADE A+
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an elective surgical procedure. Which of
the following actions is the nurse’s priority regarding informed consent?
A. Determining if the client understands the information provided by the surgeon
B. Witnessing the client’s signature on the consent form
C. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure to the client
D. Discussing alternative treatment options with the client
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The nurse’s role in informed consent is to advocate for the client
by ensuring they understand the information provided. While the nurse witnesses the
signature, verifying understanding is a higher priority to ensure autonomy. Explaining risks
and alternatives is the surgeon’s responsibility.
2. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which of the following techniques
should the nurse use first when assessing the client’s abdomen?
A. Palpation
,B. Percussion
C. Inspection
D. Auscultation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The correct sequence for abdominal assessment is Inspection,
Auscultation, Percussion, and Palpation. Inspection is always first to observe for symmetry
and abnormalities without disturbing bowel sounds.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which of
the following needles should the nurse select?
A. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch
B. 21-gauge, 1-inch
C. 27-gauge, 1/2-inch
D. 22-gauge, 1 1/2-inch
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: For an obese client, a longer needle (1 to 1.5 inches or more) is
required to ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue rather than the subcutaneous
layer. A 22-gauge is appropriate for most IM injections.
, 4. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a fluid volume deficit. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hematocrit 55%
B. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C. Urine specific gravity 1.005
D. Serum sodium 130 mEq/L
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Fluid volume deficit (dehydration) leads to hemoconcentration,
resulting in an elevated hematocrit (normal range 37-52%). BUN and specific gravity
would also be elevated, not decreased.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is on airborne precautions. Which of the following
protective equipment is required for the nurse to wear when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask
B. N95 respirator
C. Gown and gloves
D. Face shield
Answer: B
