RN VATI FUNDAMENTALS 2026
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a clear liquid diet. Which of the
following food choices should the nurse offer the client?
A. Applesauce
B. Fat-free broth
C. Orange juice with pulp
D. Vanilla pudding
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are liquid at room
temperature and transparent. Fat-free broth, apple juice, and gelatin are appropriate
choices. Applesauce, orange juice with pulp, and pudding are not transparent and are part
of a full liquid or soft diet.
,2. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which of
the following needles should the nurse select?
A. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch
B. 21-gauge, 1 1/2-inch
C. 18-gauge, 1-inch
D. 23-gauge, 1/2-inch
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: For an obese client, a longer needle (at least 1.5 inches) is
required to ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue rather than staying in the
subcutaneous fat. A 21-gauge provides appropriate lumen size for most IM medications.
3. A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take first when opening a sterile pack?
A. Drop the sterile contents onto the field.
B. Open the side flaps.
C. Open the flap closest to the body.
D. Open the flap furthest from the body.
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: To maintain sterility, the nurse should first open the flap of the
sterile pack that is furthest away from their body. This prevents the nurse from reaching
over the sterile field later in the process.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for a transdermal patch. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Rotate the application sites with each new patch.
B. Massage the patch after application to increase absorption.
C. Apply the patch to a hairy area for better adhesion.
D. Apply heat to the patch area to relieve discomfort.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Rotating sites prevents skin irritation and breakdown. Patches
should be applied to hairless areas, never massaged (which can cause rapid release), and
never exposed to heat (which increases absorption to dangerous levels).
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for falls. Which of the following actions is the
priority for the nurse to take?
A. Complete a fall-risk assessment.
B. Teach the client how to use the call light.
C. Place a fall-risk ID band on the client.
D. Move the client closer to the nurses’ station.
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a clear liquid diet. Which of the
following food choices should the nurse offer the client?
A. Applesauce
B. Fat-free broth
C. Orange juice with pulp
D. Vanilla pudding
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are liquid at room
temperature and transparent. Fat-free broth, apple juice, and gelatin are appropriate
choices. Applesauce, orange juice with pulp, and pudding are not transparent and are part
of a full liquid or soft diet.
,2. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which of
the following needles should the nurse select?
A. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch
B. 21-gauge, 1 1/2-inch
C. 18-gauge, 1-inch
D. 23-gauge, 1/2-inch
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: For an obese client, a longer needle (at least 1.5 inches) is
required to ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue rather than staying in the
subcutaneous fat. A 21-gauge provides appropriate lumen size for most IM medications.
3. A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take first when opening a sterile pack?
A. Drop the sterile contents onto the field.
B. Open the side flaps.
C. Open the flap closest to the body.
D. Open the flap furthest from the body.
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: To maintain sterility, the nurse should first open the flap of the
sterile pack that is furthest away from their body. This prevents the nurse from reaching
over the sterile field later in the process.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for a transdermal patch. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Rotate the application sites with each new patch.
B. Massage the patch after application to increase absorption.
C. Apply the patch to a hairy area for better adhesion.
D. Apply heat to the patch area to relieve discomfort.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Rotating sites prevents skin irritation and breakdown. Patches
should be applied to hairless areas, never massaged (which can cause rapid release), and
never exposed to heat (which increases absorption to dangerous levels).
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for falls. Which of the following actions is the
priority for the nurse to take?
A. Complete a fall-risk assessment.
B. Teach the client how to use the call light.
C. Place a fall-risk ID band on the client.
D. Move the client closer to the nurses’ station.
