NUR2474 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving Gentamicin. Which laboratory value should be
monitored most closely to prevent nephrotoxicity?
A. Serum Potassium levels
B. Prothrombin Time (PT)
C. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
D. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Aminoglycosides like Gentamicin are highly nephrotoxic.
Monitoring BUN and Creatinine is essential to detect renal impairment early.
2. A patient is prescribed Warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching plan regarding diet?
A. Avoid all foods containing Vitamin K.
B. Switch to a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
C. Increase intake of dark leafy greens to boost energy.
,D. Maintain a consistent intake of Vitamin K-rich foods.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Consistency is key with Warfarin. Drastic changes in Vitamin K
intake can fluctuate the INR and affect the medication’s efficacy.
3. Which medication is considered the antidote for an overdose of Heparin?
A. Protamine Sulfate
B. Flumazenil
C. Vitamin K
D. Acetylcysteine
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Protamine sulfate is the specific antagonist used to reverse the
effects of heparin-induced anticoagulation.
4. A patient with a history of asthma is diagnosed with hypertension. Which class of
antihypertensives should the nurse question?
A. Calcium Channel Blockers
B. ACE Inhibitors
C. Thiazide Diuretics
D. Non-selective Beta-blockers
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Non-selective beta-blockers (like Propranolol) block Beta-2
receptors in the lungs, potentially causing bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of Albuterol?
A. Anticholinergic bronchodilation
B. Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
C. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
D. Mast cell stabilization
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) that stimulates
beta-2 receptors in the lungs to cause rapid bronchodilation.
6. When administering Digoxin, the nurse should hold the medication and notify the provider
if the apical pulse is:
A. Above 100 beats per minute
B. Below 60 beats per minute
C. Regular and rhythmic
D. Between 70 and 80 beats per minute
Answer: B
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving Gentamicin. Which laboratory value should be
monitored most closely to prevent nephrotoxicity?
A. Serum Potassium levels
B. Prothrombin Time (PT)
C. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
D. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Aminoglycosides like Gentamicin are highly nephrotoxic.
Monitoring BUN and Creatinine is essential to detect renal impairment early.
2. A patient is prescribed Warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching plan regarding diet?
A. Avoid all foods containing Vitamin K.
B. Switch to a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
C. Increase intake of dark leafy greens to boost energy.
,D. Maintain a consistent intake of Vitamin K-rich foods.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Consistency is key with Warfarin. Drastic changes in Vitamin K
intake can fluctuate the INR and affect the medication’s efficacy.
3. Which medication is considered the antidote for an overdose of Heparin?
A. Protamine Sulfate
B. Flumazenil
C. Vitamin K
D. Acetylcysteine
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Protamine sulfate is the specific antagonist used to reverse the
effects of heparin-induced anticoagulation.
4. A patient with a history of asthma is diagnosed with hypertension. Which class of
antihypertensives should the nurse question?
A. Calcium Channel Blockers
B. ACE Inhibitors
C. Thiazide Diuretics
D. Non-selective Beta-blockers
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Non-selective beta-blockers (like Propranolol) block Beta-2
receptors in the lungs, potentially causing bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of Albuterol?
A. Anticholinergic bronchodilation
B. Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
C. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
D. Mast cell stabilization
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) that stimulates
beta-2 receptors in the lungs to cause rapid bronchodilation.
6. When administering Digoxin, the nurse should hold the medication and notify the provider
if the apical pulse is:
A. Above 100 beats per minute
B. Below 60 beats per minute
C. Regular and rhythmic
D. Between 70 and 80 beats per minute
Answer: B
