NURS 307 EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100%
CORRECT | GRADE A+
1. A patient presents with a pH of 7.28, PaCO2 of 50 mmHg, and HCO3 of 26 mEq/L. Which
acid-base imbalance is occurring?
A. Respiratory Alkalosis
B. Metabolic Acidosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. The elevated PaCO2 (>45
mmHg) matches the acidic pH, confirming a respiratory origin, while the normal
bicarbonate indicates an uncompensated state.
2. Which clinical manifestation is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Headache
B. Bradycardia
C. Restlessness
D. Nausea
,Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Bradycardia, along with hypertension (widened pulse pressure)
and irregular respirations, forms Cushing’s Triad, which is a late sign of brainstem
compression and high ICP.
3. A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L.
Which ECG change should the nurse expect?
A. U waves
B. Peaked T waves
C. Prolonged ST segment
D. Prominent P waves
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0) typically presents with tall, peaked T
waves, widened QRS complexes, and potentially lost P waves as levels rise.
4. When caring for a patient post-thyroidectomy, which assessment finding requires
immediate intervention?
A. Mild neck swelling
B. Hoarseness
C. Sore throat
D. Laryngeal stridor
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Laryngeal stridor indicates airway obstruction, possibly due to
edema or nerve damage, and is a medical emergency. Hoarseness is common but stridor is
critical.
5. Which medication is considered the gold standard for treating an acute asthma attack?
A. Salmeterol
B. Albuterol
C. Fluticasone
D. Montelukast
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) that provides
rapid bronchodilation for acute relief of bronchospasm.
6. A patient with Type 1 Diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 40 mg/dL.
What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer IM Glucagon or IV D50
B. Administer 1 unit of regular insulin
C. Administer 15g of oral glucose gel
D. Provide a snack of peanut butter and crackers
Answer: A
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100%
CORRECT | GRADE A+
1. A patient presents with a pH of 7.28, PaCO2 of 50 mmHg, and HCO3 of 26 mEq/L. Which
acid-base imbalance is occurring?
A. Respiratory Alkalosis
B. Metabolic Acidosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. The elevated PaCO2 (>45
mmHg) matches the acidic pH, confirming a respiratory origin, while the normal
bicarbonate indicates an uncompensated state.
2. Which clinical manifestation is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Headache
B. Bradycardia
C. Restlessness
D. Nausea
,Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Bradycardia, along with hypertension (widened pulse pressure)
and irregular respirations, forms Cushing’s Triad, which is a late sign of brainstem
compression and high ICP.
3. A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L.
Which ECG change should the nurse expect?
A. U waves
B. Peaked T waves
C. Prolonged ST segment
D. Prominent P waves
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0) typically presents with tall, peaked T
waves, widened QRS complexes, and potentially lost P waves as levels rise.
4. When caring for a patient post-thyroidectomy, which assessment finding requires
immediate intervention?
A. Mild neck swelling
B. Hoarseness
C. Sore throat
D. Laryngeal stridor
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Laryngeal stridor indicates airway obstruction, possibly due to
edema or nerve damage, and is a medical emergency. Hoarseness is common but stridor is
critical.
5. Which medication is considered the gold standard for treating an acute asthma attack?
A. Salmeterol
B. Albuterol
C. Fluticasone
D. Montelukast
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) that provides
rapid bronchodilation for acute relief of bronchospasm.
6. A patient with Type 1 Diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 40 mg/dL.
What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer IM Glucagon or IV D50
B. Administer 1 unit of regular insulin
C. Administer 15g of oral glucose gel
D. Provide a snack of peanut butter and crackers
Answer: A
