NURS 6512 ADVANCED HEALTH
ASSESSMENT - COMPREHENSIVE
FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A 65-year-old patient presents with a history of hypertension and now reports sudden,
painless loss of vision in one eye. On funduscopic examination, you observe ‘cherry-red spot’
at the fovea and a pale retina. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
B. Macular degeneration
C. Retinal detachment
D. Central retinal artery occlusion
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Central retinal artery occlusion typically presents as sudden,
painless unilateral vision loss with a cherry-red spot on a pale fundus due to edema.
,2. When performing a cardiac assessment, you hear a high-pitched, mid-systolic click
followed by a late systolic murmur at the apex. This finding is most characteristic of:
A. Mitral stenosis
B. Mitral valve prolapse
C. Aortic regurgitation
D. Ventricular septal defect
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A mid-systolic click is the hallmark of mitral valve prolapse,
often followed by a systolic murmur of mitral regurgitation.
3. While assessing the abdomen, you perform the Rovsing sign. A positive result is indicated
by:
A. Pain in the right lower quadrant during left-sided pressure
B. Pain elicited by dropping from standing on toes to heels
C. Pain upon internal rotation of the right hip
D. Increased pain in the RUQ during deep inspiration
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Rovsing sign is positive when pressure applied to the left lower
quadrant increases pain in the right lower quadrant, suggesting appendicitis.
, 4. A patient exhibits a positive Babinski sign. In an adult, this is characterized by:
A. Plantar flexion of the great toe
B. Dorsiflexion of the great toe with fanning of other toes
C. Flexion of the knee and hip when the neck is flexed
D. Involuntary contraction of the abdominal muscles
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A positive Babinski reflex in adults involves dorsiflexion of the
big toe and fanning of the others, indicating upper motor neuron disease.
5. During a respiratory exam, you note increased tactile fremitus over the lower right lobe.
This finding is most consistent with:
A. Lobar pneumonia
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pneumothorax
D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Tactile fremitus increases with lung consolidation, such as in
lobar pneumonia, because sound travels better through solid/liquid media.
ASSESSMENT - COMPREHENSIVE
FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A 65-year-old patient presents with a history of hypertension and now reports sudden,
painless loss of vision in one eye. On funduscopic examination, you observe ‘cherry-red spot’
at the fovea and a pale retina. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
B. Macular degeneration
C. Retinal detachment
D. Central retinal artery occlusion
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Central retinal artery occlusion typically presents as sudden,
painless unilateral vision loss with a cherry-red spot on a pale fundus due to edema.
,2. When performing a cardiac assessment, you hear a high-pitched, mid-systolic click
followed by a late systolic murmur at the apex. This finding is most characteristic of:
A. Mitral stenosis
B. Mitral valve prolapse
C. Aortic regurgitation
D. Ventricular septal defect
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A mid-systolic click is the hallmark of mitral valve prolapse,
often followed by a systolic murmur of mitral regurgitation.
3. While assessing the abdomen, you perform the Rovsing sign. A positive result is indicated
by:
A. Pain in the right lower quadrant during left-sided pressure
B. Pain elicited by dropping from standing on toes to heels
C. Pain upon internal rotation of the right hip
D. Increased pain in the RUQ during deep inspiration
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Rovsing sign is positive when pressure applied to the left lower
quadrant increases pain in the right lower quadrant, suggesting appendicitis.
, 4. A patient exhibits a positive Babinski sign. In an adult, this is characterized by:
A. Plantar flexion of the great toe
B. Dorsiflexion of the great toe with fanning of other toes
C. Flexion of the knee and hip when the neck is flexed
D. Involuntary contraction of the abdominal muscles
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A positive Babinski reflex in adults involves dorsiflexion of the
big toe and fanning of the others, indicating upper motor neuron disease.
5. During a respiratory exam, you note increased tactile fremitus over the lower right lobe.
This finding is most consistent with:
A. Lobar pneumonia
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pneumothorax
D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Tactile fremitus increases with lung consolidation, such as in
lobar pneumonia, because sound travels better through solid/liquid media.
