NSG-318 Exam 1 - Nursing Exam Questions & Verified Answers
pharmacology study of drugs
drug Chemical that affects physiologic process of a living organism
Nursing Implications The concepts that a nurse must include when they are safely administering
medication
Identify the various routes of medication administration Sublingual (buccal), oral, transdermal (topical creams/ lotions), instillation (eye
drops/sprays), inhalation, nasogastric and gastrostomy tubes, suppositories,
parenteral
6 rights of administration 1. Right patient
2. Right drug
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time and frequency
6. Right documentation
List the components of a drug label Chemical Name: structure of the drug
Generic name: the official drug name
Brand/ trade name: the easier proprietary name
Active and inactive ingredients
Warning/ possible side effects
Directions on use as well as what the drug is used for/ what it helps treat
normal vital signs (BP) 120/80
Pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug
pharmacokinetic phases -absorption (drug movement from GI tract into bloodstream)
-distribution (protein binding, free drugs, BBB)
-metabolism (1/2 life, loading dose; liver)
-excretion (elimination, kidneys, creatinine clearance, BUN, GFR
factors that affect drug excretion -drugs that affect renal excretion/decrease CO
-diuretic use
-drugs that use same excretion method
-change of urine pH
-pt. with decreased renal or hepatic function
1/2 life (T 1/2) Time it takes to get rid of half of the drug; gives us good time to administer rest of
the dose and when we can expect to see side effects
Loading dose use of a higher dose than what is usually used for treatment to allow the drug to
reach the critical concentration sooner
photosensitivity - sensitivity to light
- ranges from the ability to orient to the sun to the ability to see
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Latest Version
, NSG-318 Exam 1 - Nursing Exam Questions & Verified Answers
factors affecting absorption Blood circulation
Pain, stress
Food texture, fat content, temperature
pH
Route of administration
factors affecting bioavailability Drug form
Route of administration (IV is best)
Gastric mucosa and motility
Administration with food and other drugs
Changes in liver metabolism
what can affect absorption Blood circulation, pain, stress, pH, administration route, and food texture, fat
content, and temperature
What is bioavailability? The percentage of administered drug available for activity.
what can affect bioavailability The form of the drug, route of administration, gastric mucosa and motility,
administration with food and other drugs, and changes in liver metabolism affect it.
what metabolizes drugs liver
what excretes drugs kidneys
what impacts drug excretion drugs that affect renal excretion, drugs that decrease cardiac output, diuretics,
drugs that compete, urine pH, and decreased renal/ hepatic function
pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body
pharmacodynamics phases receptor binding, postreceptor effects, chemical reaction
primary response desirable response
secondary response desirable or undesirable response
potency amount of drug needed to get a response most of the time
therapeutic index relationship between therapeutic and toxic dose
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Latest Version
pharmacology study of drugs
drug Chemical that affects physiologic process of a living organism
Nursing Implications The concepts that a nurse must include when they are safely administering
medication
Identify the various routes of medication administration Sublingual (buccal), oral, transdermal (topical creams/ lotions), instillation (eye
drops/sprays), inhalation, nasogastric and gastrostomy tubes, suppositories,
parenteral
6 rights of administration 1. Right patient
2. Right drug
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time and frequency
6. Right documentation
List the components of a drug label Chemical Name: structure of the drug
Generic name: the official drug name
Brand/ trade name: the easier proprietary name
Active and inactive ingredients
Warning/ possible side effects
Directions on use as well as what the drug is used for/ what it helps treat
normal vital signs (BP) 120/80
Pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug
pharmacokinetic phases -absorption (drug movement from GI tract into bloodstream)
-distribution (protein binding, free drugs, BBB)
-metabolism (1/2 life, loading dose; liver)
-excretion (elimination, kidneys, creatinine clearance, BUN, GFR
factors that affect drug excretion -drugs that affect renal excretion/decrease CO
-diuretic use
-drugs that use same excretion method
-change of urine pH
-pt. with decreased renal or hepatic function
1/2 life (T 1/2) Time it takes to get rid of half of the drug; gives us good time to administer rest of
the dose and when we can expect to see side effects
Loading dose use of a higher dose than what is usually used for treatment to allow the drug to
reach the critical concentration sooner
photosensitivity - sensitivity to light
- ranges from the ability to orient to the sun to the ability to see
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Latest Version
, NSG-318 Exam 1 - Nursing Exam Questions & Verified Answers
factors affecting absorption Blood circulation
Pain, stress
Food texture, fat content, temperature
pH
Route of administration
factors affecting bioavailability Drug form
Route of administration (IV is best)
Gastric mucosa and motility
Administration with food and other drugs
Changes in liver metabolism
what can affect absorption Blood circulation, pain, stress, pH, administration route, and food texture, fat
content, and temperature
What is bioavailability? The percentage of administered drug available for activity.
what can affect bioavailability The form of the drug, route of administration, gastric mucosa and motility,
administration with food and other drugs, and changes in liver metabolism affect it.
what metabolizes drugs liver
what excretes drugs kidneys
what impacts drug excretion drugs that affect renal excretion, drugs that decrease cardiac output, diuretics,
drugs that compete, urine pH, and decreased renal/ hepatic function
pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body
pharmacodynamics phases receptor binding, postreceptor effects, chemical reaction
primary response desirable response
secondary response desirable or undesirable response
potency amount of drug needed to get a response most of the time
therapeutic index relationship between therapeutic and toxic dose
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Latest Version
