Software Engineering Essentials -
Study Guide
SDLC, Agile, design principles, testing, CI/CD and clean code - exam and
interview ready
Complete Study Guide | Key Concepts | Examples | Practice Questions
, 1. SDLC Models
The Software Development Life Cycle organises building software: requirements -> design -> implementation ->
testing -> deployment -> maintenance.
Model Idea Best when
Waterfall Sequential phases Fixed, well-understood requirements
Agile/Scrum Iterative sprints Changing requirements
Spiral Risk-driven loops Large, risky projects
V-Model Test level per dev level Safety-critical systems
DevOps Dev + ops merged, CI/CD Frequent releases needed
- Waterfall's weakness: late feedback - a misunderstood requirement costs the whole cycle.
- Scrum: sprints (1-4 weeks), daily standups, sprint review + retrospective.
- Kanban: continuous flow on a board; limit work-in-progress.
- Know one advantage and one disadvantage of each model for exams.
Page 1
Study Guide
SDLC, Agile, design principles, testing, CI/CD and clean code - exam and
interview ready
Complete Study Guide | Key Concepts | Examples | Practice Questions
, 1. SDLC Models
The Software Development Life Cycle organises building software: requirements -> design -> implementation ->
testing -> deployment -> maintenance.
Model Idea Best when
Waterfall Sequential phases Fixed, well-understood requirements
Agile/Scrum Iterative sprints Changing requirements
Spiral Risk-driven loops Large, risky projects
V-Model Test level per dev level Safety-critical systems
DevOps Dev + ops merged, CI/CD Frequent releases needed
- Waterfall's weakness: late feedback - a misunderstood requirement costs the whole cycle.
- Scrum: sprints (1-4 weeks), daily standups, sprint review + retrospective.
- Kanban: continuous flow on a board; limit work-in-progress.
- Know one advantage and one disadvantage of each model for exams.
Page 1