INTRODUCTORY MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING TIMBY SMITH COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Acetylcholinesterase.
Answer: the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic
cleft
◉ Axons.
Answer: Carry impulses away from the cell body
◉ Brain Stem.
Answer: Connection to spinal cord. Filters information flow between
peripheral nervous system and the rest of the brain.
◉ Cauda Equina.
Answer: collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
◉ Central Nervous System.
Answer: Brain and spinal cord
◉ Cerebellum.
,Answer: A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor
skills.
◉ Cerebrum.
Answer: Largest part of the brain; coordinates thought, reasoning,
movement, and memory, includes the cerebral cortex and the white
matter beneath it.
◉ Corpus Callosum.
Answer: A thick band of axons that connects the two cerebral
hemispheres and acts as a communication link between them.
◉ Decerebrate Posturing.
Answer: posturing in which the neck is extended with jaw clenched;
arms are pronated, extended, and close to the sides; legs are
extended straight out; more ominous sign of brain stem damage.
Most Severe.
◉ Decorticate Posturing.
Answer: characterized by upper extremities flexed at the elbows and
held closely to the body and lower extremities that are externally
rotated and extended. occurs when the brainstem is not inhibited by
the motor function of the cerebral cortex.
,◉ Dendrites.
Answer: Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive
information.
◉ Dopamine.
Answer: A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention
and learning and the brain's pleasure and reward system.
◉ Dura Matter.
Answer: Thick outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and
protecting the brain.
◉ Epinephrine.
Answer: A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in
response to stress preparing the body for "flight or fight" (trade
name Adrenalin)
◉ Extrapyramidal.
Answer: are involuntary movements that result mainly from taking
first-generation antipsychotic drugs
◉ Flaccidity.
Answer: Low muscle tone
, ◉ Medulla Oblongata.
Answer: A portion of the brainstem that regulates vital functions,
including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
◉ Meninges.
Answer: three layers of connective tissue in which the brain and
spinal cord are wrapped
◉ Midbrain.
Answer: A small part of the brain above the pons that integrates
sensory information and relays it upward.
◉ Myelin.
Answer: A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of
many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural
impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
◉ Neurilemma.
Answer: membranous covering that protects the myelin sheath
◉ Neuron.
Answer: Nerve cell
NURSING TIMBY SMITH COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Acetylcholinesterase.
Answer: the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic
cleft
◉ Axons.
Answer: Carry impulses away from the cell body
◉ Brain Stem.
Answer: Connection to spinal cord. Filters information flow between
peripheral nervous system and the rest of the brain.
◉ Cauda Equina.
Answer: collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
◉ Central Nervous System.
Answer: Brain and spinal cord
◉ Cerebellum.
,Answer: A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor
skills.
◉ Cerebrum.
Answer: Largest part of the brain; coordinates thought, reasoning,
movement, and memory, includes the cerebral cortex and the white
matter beneath it.
◉ Corpus Callosum.
Answer: A thick band of axons that connects the two cerebral
hemispheres and acts as a communication link between them.
◉ Decerebrate Posturing.
Answer: posturing in which the neck is extended with jaw clenched;
arms are pronated, extended, and close to the sides; legs are
extended straight out; more ominous sign of brain stem damage.
Most Severe.
◉ Decorticate Posturing.
Answer: characterized by upper extremities flexed at the elbows and
held closely to the body and lower extremities that are externally
rotated and extended. occurs when the brainstem is not inhibited by
the motor function of the cerebral cortex.
,◉ Dendrites.
Answer: Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive
information.
◉ Dopamine.
Answer: A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention
and learning and the brain's pleasure and reward system.
◉ Dura Matter.
Answer: Thick outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and
protecting the brain.
◉ Epinephrine.
Answer: A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in
response to stress preparing the body for "flight or fight" (trade
name Adrenalin)
◉ Extrapyramidal.
Answer: are involuntary movements that result mainly from taking
first-generation antipsychotic drugs
◉ Flaccidity.
Answer: Low muscle tone
, ◉ Medulla Oblongata.
Answer: A portion of the brainstem that regulates vital functions,
including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
◉ Meninges.
Answer: three layers of connective tissue in which the brain and
spinal cord are wrapped
◉ Midbrain.
Answer: A small part of the brain above the pons that integrates
sensory information and relays it upward.
◉ Myelin.
Answer: A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of
many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural
impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
◉ Neurilemma.
Answer: membranous covering that protects the myelin sheath
◉ Neuron.
Answer: Nerve cell
