WILKES NSG 526 EXAMS 1-3 BUNDLE
2026/2027 | Clinical Modalities Adv.
Psych | Questions & Answers with
Explanations | Pass with Confidence - A+
Graded
1. A PMHNP is working with a client who frequently seeks immediate gratification and acts
without considering consequences. In Freud's structural model, which component is primarily
responsible?
A. Ego
B. Superego
C. Id
D. Reality principle
Correct Answer: C. Id
Explanation: The id operates according to the pleasure principle and seeks immediate
gratification of basic drives. The ego operates according to reality, while the superego
represents internalized morals and ideals.
2. Which Freudian component attempts to balance instinctual demands with environmental
reality?
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Libido
Correct Answer: B. Ego
Explanation: The ego follows the reality principle. It mediates between the id, superego, and
external environment and attempts to satisfy needs in socially acceptable ways.
,3. A 75-year-old client reflects on life with satisfaction and accepts both successes and
failures. Which Erikson stage is being successfully resolved?
A. Generativity versus stagnation
B. Integrity versus despair
C. Intimacy versus isolation
D. Identity versus role confusion
Correct Answer: B. Integrity versus despair
Explanation: Erikson's final developmental stage involves reviewing one's life. A sense of
meaning and acceptance reflects ego integrity; regret and hopelessness are associated with
despair.
4. Which therapeutic approach emphasizes unconscious conflicts and early childhood
experiences?
A. Psychodynamic therapy
B. Behavioral therapy
C. Solution-focused therapy
D. Supportive therapy
Correct Answer: A. Psychodynamic therapy
Explanation: Psychodynamic therapy explores unconscious processes, developmental
experiences, interpersonal patterns, defenses, and unresolved conflicts.
5. A client repeatedly attributes unacceptable feelings to other people. Which defense
mechanism is demonstrated?
A. Projection
B. Sublimation
C. Regression
D. Suppression
Correct Answer: A. Projection
Explanation: Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts, impulses, or
feelings to another person.
,6. A client channels aggressive impulses into competitive athletics. Which defense mechanism
is this?
A. Denial
B. Projection
C. Sublimation
D. Regression
Correct Answer: C. Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation redirects unacceptable impulses into socially constructive activities.
7. Which defense mechanism involves temporarily setting aside a distressing thought without
denying that it exists?
A. Suppression
B. Projection
C. Splitting
D. Displacement
Correct Answer: A. Suppression
Explanation: Suppression is a conscious decision to postpone attention to a distressing thought
or feeling.
8. Which therapeutic approach focuses primarily on the client's subjective experience and
personal growth?
A. Humanistic therapy
B. Psychoanalysis
C. Behavioral therapy
D. Pharmacotherapy
Correct Answer: A. Humanistic therapy
Explanation: Humanistic approaches emphasize self-awareness, personal meaning, authenticity,
autonomy, and growth.
9. A therapist consistently demonstrates acceptance without judgment and communicates
genuine understanding. This is most consistent with:
, A. Unconditional positive regard
B. Confrontation
C. Interpretation
D. Extinction
Correct Answer: A. Unconditional positive regard
Explanation: Rogers' person-centered approach emphasizes genuineness, empathy, and
unconditional positive regard.
10. In person-centered therapy, the therapist's primary role is to:
A. Direct every client decision
B. Provide an accepting environment that facilitates self-directed growth
C. Interpret dreams exclusively
D. Reinforce behavior through rewards
Correct Answer: B. Provide an accepting environment that facilitates self-directed growth
Explanation: Person-centered therapy assumes clients possess capacity for growth when
provided with a therapeutic environment characterized by empathy, congruence, and
acceptance.
11. Which therapy focuses on helping clients identify distorted thoughts and replace them
with more balanced interpretations?
A. Cognitive therapy
B. Psychoanalysis
C. Milieu therapy
D. Supportive therapy
Correct Answer: A. Cognitive therapy
Explanation: Cognitive therapy targets maladaptive thought patterns and helps clients develop
more realistic interpretations.
12. A client says, “I made one mistake at work, so I am a complete failure.” Which cognitive
distortion is illustrated?
2026/2027 | Clinical Modalities Adv.
Psych | Questions & Answers with
Explanations | Pass with Confidence - A+
Graded
1. A PMHNP is working with a client who frequently seeks immediate gratification and acts
without considering consequences. In Freud's structural model, which component is primarily
responsible?
A. Ego
B. Superego
C. Id
D. Reality principle
Correct Answer: C. Id
Explanation: The id operates according to the pleasure principle and seeks immediate
gratification of basic drives. The ego operates according to reality, while the superego
represents internalized morals and ideals.
2. Which Freudian component attempts to balance instinctual demands with environmental
reality?
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Libido
Correct Answer: B. Ego
Explanation: The ego follows the reality principle. It mediates between the id, superego, and
external environment and attempts to satisfy needs in socially acceptable ways.
,3. A 75-year-old client reflects on life with satisfaction and accepts both successes and
failures. Which Erikson stage is being successfully resolved?
A. Generativity versus stagnation
B. Integrity versus despair
C. Intimacy versus isolation
D. Identity versus role confusion
Correct Answer: B. Integrity versus despair
Explanation: Erikson's final developmental stage involves reviewing one's life. A sense of
meaning and acceptance reflects ego integrity; regret and hopelessness are associated with
despair.
4. Which therapeutic approach emphasizes unconscious conflicts and early childhood
experiences?
A. Psychodynamic therapy
B. Behavioral therapy
C. Solution-focused therapy
D. Supportive therapy
Correct Answer: A. Psychodynamic therapy
Explanation: Psychodynamic therapy explores unconscious processes, developmental
experiences, interpersonal patterns, defenses, and unresolved conflicts.
5. A client repeatedly attributes unacceptable feelings to other people. Which defense
mechanism is demonstrated?
A. Projection
B. Sublimation
C. Regression
D. Suppression
Correct Answer: A. Projection
Explanation: Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts, impulses, or
feelings to another person.
,6. A client channels aggressive impulses into competitive athletics. Which defense mechanism
is this?
A. Denial
B. Projection
C. Sublimation
D. Regression
Correct Answer: C. Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation redirects unacceptable impulses into socially constructive activities.
7. Which defense mechanism involves temporarily setting aside a distressing thought without
denying that it exists?
A. Suppression
B. Projection
C. Splitting
D. Displacement
Correct Answer: A. Suppression
Explanation: Suppression is a conscious decision to postpone attention to a distressing thought
or feeling.
8. Which therapeutic approach focuses primarily on the client's subjective experience and
personal growth?
A. Humanistic therapy
B. Psychoanalysis
C. Behavioral therapy
D. Pharmacotherapy
Correct Answer: A. Humanistic therapy
Explanation: Humanistic approaches emphasize self-awareness, personal meaning, authenticity,
autonomy, and growth.
9. A therapist consistently demonstrates acceptance without judgment and communicates
genuine understanding. This is most consistent with:
, A. Unconditional positive regard
B. Confrontation
C. Interpretation
D. Extinction
Correct Answer: A. Unconditional positive regard
Explanation: Rogers' person-centered approach emphasizes genuineness, empathy, and
unconditional positive regard.
10. In person-centered therapy, the therapist's primary role is to:
A. Direct every client decision
B. Provide an accepting environment that facilitates self-directed growth
C. Interpret dreams exclusively
D. Reinforce behavior through rewards
Correct Answer: B. Provide an accepting environment that facilitates self-directed growth
Explanation: Person-centered therapy assumes clients possess capacity for growth when
provided with a therapeutic environment characterized by empathy, congruence, and
acceptance.
11. Which therapy focuses on helping clients identify distorted thoughts and replace them
with more balanced interpretations?
A. Cognitive therapy
B. Psychoanalysis
C. Milieu therapy
D. Supportive therapy
Correct Answer: A. Cognitive therapy
Explanation: Cognitive therapy targets maladaptive thought patterns and helps clients develop
more realistic interpretations.
12. A client says, “I made one mistake at work, so I am a complete failure.” Which cognitive
distortion is illustrated?
