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Exam (elaborations)

NSG 430 Exam 2 – Questions With Definite Solutions

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NSG 430 Exam 2 – Questions With Definite Solutions

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NSG 430 Exam 2 – Questions With Definite
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Hydration: decrease oxalate foods, spinach, low nuts, chocolates



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Heart Failure: Pathophysiology, risk
1 2 synthetic BNP
factors



Kidney stone calcium oxalate
3 CO concept 4
education

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Terms in this set (74)



Heart Failure: Pathophysiology, risk HF = defect in ventricular filling (diastolic/HFpEF = stiff
factors ventricle) or ventricular ejection (systolic/HFrEF =
weak ventricle)


CO = HR × SV


Risk factors:
HTN (most modifiable)
CAD
Diabetes
Metabolic syndrome
Tobacco use
Advanced age
Vascular disease


HF symptoms Fatigue
Dyspnea
Edema
HF progression:
RAAS/SNS activation → remodeling → ADHF →
pulmonary edema → cardiogenic shock


L HF LV fails → Blood backs into lungs
Crackles
Dyspnea
Orthopnea
PND
Low O₂
Pulmonary edema

, R HF Cor pulmonale
RV fails → Blood backs into body
JVD
Hepatomegaly
Ascites
Peripheral edema
Weight gain


CO concept CO = HR × SV


Preload = blood returning to heart
Afterload = resistance heart pumps against
Contractility = force of squeeze
Increased afterload ↓ CO


BNP released when ventricles stretch
BNP causes: Diuresis, Vasodilation, ↓ BP, Opposes
RAAS/SNS


BNP:
Normal <100
Elevated = HF

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