NURS 200 - evidence-based practice Questions with Correct Answers
(Grade A+)
Question 1: nursing theory
Answer: - attempt to explain the world around us - explains why nurses do what they do - road map of
complex processes of human interaction that affect patient care - explains visions of reality (phenomena) -
theories form the basis of research studies - a strong theoretical framework gives credibility to a research
study
Question 2: nursing research
Answer: - systematic process of inquiry that uses rigorous guidelines to produce unbiased, trustworthy
answers to questions about nursing practice - research produces evidence
Question 3: scientific research steps
Answer: 1. observe a clinical problem 2. review the literature to find a gap in research 3. develop the
research question/hypothesis 4. design an experiment 5. conduct the experiment 6. analyze the results 7.
formulate recommendations and disseminate the findings
Question 4: evidence based practice steps
Answer: 0. Cultivate a spirit of inquiry 1. Ask a clinical question in PICOT format. 2. search for the most
relevant evidence. 3. Critically appraise the evidence. 4. integrate the evidence 5. Evaluate the outcomes of
practice decisions or change by collecting data 6. Communicate the outcomes of the evidence by practice
Question 5: evidence based practice
Answer: problems solving approach to clinical practice at the bedside that combines the deliberate and
systemic use of best evidence in combination with a clinical expertise, patient preferences and values - way
to translate research into practice - ex. Jehovah Witness
Question 6: benefits of evidence based practice
Answer: evidence-based care - looks for the very best scientific and clinical evidence for treating and
managing a problem - improves quality, safety, and patient outcomes - increases nurse satisfaction - reduces
costs
Question 7: steps of evidence-based practice
Answer: 0. cultivate a spirit of inquiry 1. ask a clinical question in PICOT format 2. search for the most
relevant evidence 3. critically appraise the evidence you gather 4. integrate all evidence with your clinical
expertise and patient preferences and values 5. evaluate the outcomes of practice decisions or changes using
evidence 6. share the outcomes with others
Page 1
, Question 8: step 0: cultivate a spirit of inquiry
Answer: - question what does not make sense to you and what needs to be clarified - use critical thinking to
consider better ways to provide nursing care - be committed to providing the best care possible - use
problem - and knowledge-focused triggers - consider data gathered from a health care setting to examine
clinical trends - ex: nurses in the past changed IV dressings daily until clinical trials found that daily
dressing changes led to phlebitis - IOM set a goal that by 2020, 90% of all health care decisions in the
United States would be evidence based
Question 9: problem focused trigger: based on experiences in client care or trends on a nursing unit - a
problem has been identified - for elderly patients (P), does exercise (I) work as well as laxatives (C) to
decrease constipation (O)? knowledge focused trigger: based on new information (standards,
guidelines). - no problem identified, you are just curious - what is the most current research on use of
hand washing techniques? - what is scleroderma?
Answer: step 1: ask the PICOT question
Question 10: P
Answer: patient population of interest (identify patients by age, gender, disease, ethnicity, or health
problem)
Question 11: intervention of interest (what is the new intervention?)
Answer: I
Question 12: comparison of interest (what is the current intervention of standard used in practice?)
Answer: C
Question 13: outcome (what result do you wish to achieve or observe as a result of the intervention?)
Answer: O
Question 14: time (what amount of time is needed for an intervention to achieve an outcome?)
Answer: T
Question 15: facilitate our lit. search and reenforce good evidence
Answer: PICOT is important because it helps us _ _ _ _ and it helps to _ having _ _
Page 2
(Grade A+)
Question 1: nursing theory
Answer: - attempt to explain the world around us - explains why nurses do what they do - road map of
complex processes of human interaction that affect patient care - explains visions of reality (phenomena) -
theories form the basis of research studies - a strong theoretical framework gives credibility to a research
study
Question 2: nursing research
Answer: - systematic process of inquiry that uses rigorous guidelines to produce unbiased, trustworthy
answers to questions about nursing practice - research produces evidence
Question 3: scientific research steps
Answer: 1. observe a clinical problem 2. review the literature to find a gap in research 3. develop the
research question/hypothesis 4. design an experiment 5. conduct the experiment 6. analyze the results 7.
formulate recommendations and disseminate the findings
Question 4: evidence based practice steps
Answer: 0. Cultivate a spirit of inquiry 1. Ask a clinical question in PICOT format. 2. search for the most
relevant evidence. 3. Critically appraise the evidence. 4. integrate the evidence 5. Evaluate the outcomes of
practice decisions or change by collecting data 6. Communicate the outcomes of the evidence by practice
Question 5: evidence based practice
Answer: problems solving approach to clinical practice at the bedside that combines the deliberate and
systemic use of best evidence in combination with a clinical expertise, patient preferences and values - way
to translate research into practice - ex. Jehovah Witness
Question 6: benefits of evidence based practice
Answer: evidence-based care - looks for the very best scientific and clinical evidence for treating and
managing a problem - improves quality, safety, and patient outcomes - increases nurse satisfaction - reduces
costs
Question 7: steps of evidence-based practice
Answer: 0. cultivate a spirit of inquiry 1. ask a clinical question in PICOT format 2. search for the most
relevant evidence 3. critically appraise the evidence you gather 4. integrate all evidence with your clinical
expertise and patient preferences and values 5. evaluate the outcomes of practice decisions or changes using
evidence 6. share the outcomes with others
Page 1
, Question 8: step 0: cultivate a spirit of inquiry
Answer: - question what does not make sense to you and what needs to be clarified - use critical thinking to
consider better ways to provide nursing care - be committed to providing the best care possible - use
problem - and knowledge-focused triggers - consider data gathered from a health care setting to examine
clinical trends - ex: nurses in the past changed IV dressings daily until clinical trials found that daily
dressing changes led to phlebitis - IOM set a goal that by 2020, 90% of all health care decisions in the
United States would be evidence based
Question 9: problem focused trigger: based on experiences in client care or trends on a nursing unit - a
problem has been identified - for elderly patients (P), does exercise (I) work as well as laxatives (C) to
decrease constipation (O)? knowledge focused trigger: based on new information (standards,
guidelines). - no problem identified, you are just curious - what is the most current research on use of
hand washing techniques? - what is scleroderma?
Answer: step 1: ask the PICOT question
Question 10: P
Answer: patient population of interest (identify patients by age, gender, disease, ethnicity, or health
problem)
Question 11: intervention of interest (what is the new intervention?)
Answer: I
Question 12: comparison of interest (what is the current intervention of standard used in practice?)
Answer: C
Question 13: outcome (what result do you wish to achieve or observe as a result of the intervention?)
Answer: O
Question 14: time (what amount of time is needed for an intervention to achieve an outcome?)
Answer: T
Question 15: facilitate our lit. search and reenforce good evidence
Answer: PICOT is important because it helps us _ _ _ _ and it helps to _ having _ _
Page 2
