NUR 217 (Trends/Issues - Test 2) Study Notes Questions with Correct
Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: What are the 4 levels/categories of ethics?
Answer: 1. Metaethics 2. Normative ethics 3. Applied ethics 4. Descriptive ethics
Question 2: Metaethics
Answer: The study of the meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs
Question 3: Normative ethics
Answer: The study of the principles, rules, or theories that guide our actions and judgments
Question 4: Applied ethics
Answer: The manner in which principles of ethics are incorporated into professional conduct
Question 5: Descriptive ethics
Answer: Approach to ethics that starts that starts with what society is already doing ethically and develops
ethical principles based on the observed actions of people rather than starting with ethical principles and
applying them to society
Question 6: Values
Answer: The ideals or concepts that give meaning to an individual's life
Question 7: Morals
Answer: The fundamental standards of right and wrong that an individual learns and internalizes, usually in
the early stages of childhood development
Question 8: Laws
Answer: Rules of social conduct made by humans to protect society, and these laws are based on concerns
about fairness and justice
Question 9: Ethics
Answer: The principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
Page 1
, Question 10: Ethical dilemma
Answer: A situation that requires an individual to make a choice between two equally unfavorable
alternatives
Question 11: Codes of ethics
Answer: Written list of a profession's values and standards of conduct
Question 12: Autonomy
Answer: The right of self-determination, independence, and free **Client's right to make healthcare
decisions for himself/herself even if the healthcare provider does not agree with those decisions
Question 13: Justice
Answer: Obligation to be fair to all people
Question 14: Fidelity
Answer: Obligation of an individual to be faithful to commitments made to himself/herself and to others
Question 15: Beneficence
Answer: Obligation to do good for others regardless of the client's beliefs, feelings, and wishes, as well as
those of the client's family and significant others
Question 16: Nonmaleficence
Answer: Do no harm (intentional or unintentional)
Question 17: Veracity
Answer: Truthfulness, right to know
Question 18: Standard of best interest
Answer: A type of decision made about a client's health care when the client is unable to make the informed
decision
Question 19: What did the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990 do?
Answer: Made it mandatory for all healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, nursing homes, and home
healthcare agencies, to provide information to clients about the living will and and durable power of
attorney for health care (DPOAHC)
Page 2
Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: What are the 4 levels/categories of ethics?
Answer: 1. Metaethics 2. Normative ethics 3. Applied ethics 4. Descriptive ethics
Question 2: Metaethics
Answer: The study of the meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs
Question 3: Normative ethics
Answer: The study of the principles, rules, or theories that guide our actions and judgments
Question 4: Applied ethics
Answer: The manner in which principles of ethics are incorporated into professional conduct
Question 5: Descriptive ethics
Answer: Approach to ethics that starts that starts with what society is already doing ethically and develops
ethical principles based on the observed actions of people rather than starting with ethical principles and
applying them to society
Question 6: Values
Answer: The ideals or concepts that give meaning to an individual's life
Question 7: Morals
Answer: The fundamental standards of right and wrong that an individual learns and internalizes, usually in
the early stages of childhood development
Question 8: Laws
Answer: Rules of social conduct made by humans to protect society, and these laws are based on concerns
about fairness and justice
Question 9: Ethics
Answer: The principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
Page 1
, Question 10: Ethical dilemma
Answer: A situation that requires an individual to make a choice between two equally unfavorable
alternatives
Question 11: Codes of ethics
Answer: Written list of a profession's values and standards of conduct
Question 12: Autonomy
Answer: The right of self-determination, independence, and free **Client's right to make healthcare
decisions for himself/herself even if the healthcare provider does not agree with those decisions
Question 13: Justice
Answer: Obligation to be fair to all people
Question 14: Fidelity
Answer: Obligation of an individual to be faithful to commitments made to himself/herself and to others
Question 15: Beneficence
Answer: Obligation to do good for others regardless of the client's beliefs, feelings, and wishes, as well as
those of the client's family and significant others
Question 16: Nonmaleficence
Answer: Do no harm (intentional or unintentional)
Question 17: Veracity
Answer: Truthfulness, right to know
Question 18: Standard of best interest
Answer: A type of decision made about a client's health care when the client is unable to make the informed
decision
Question 19: What did the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990 do?
Answer: Made it mandatory for all healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, nursing homes, and home
healthcare agencies, to provide information to clients about the living will and and durable power of
attorney for health care (DPOAHC)
Page 2
