HSC 300 FINAL COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE WITH SOLUTIONS
◉ Weak agonist.
Answer: requires many more receptors to be bound before the
desired effect is produced (when a drug has a low affinity and low
intrinsic activity, a large dose is required to produce the desired
effect)
◉ What potency does a weak agonist have?.
Answer: low
◉ Antagonists (attach but do not elicit a response).
Answer: Drugs that interfere with the activity of an agonist
◉ Potency.
Answer: The dose (amount) needed to produce the desired
therapeutic effect
◉ True or false: drug toxicity is related to potency because MORE
potent drugs can reach TOXIC levels at lower doses.
Answer: True
,◉ Efficacy.
Answer: Magnitude of response obtained from optimal receptor site
occupancy by a drug
◉ Side-effect.
Answer: -predictable
-dose-related
-acts on nontarget organs
◉ Toxic reaction.
Answer: -predictable
-dose-related
-acts on target organs
◉ Allergic reaction.
Answer: -not predictable
-not dose-related
◉ Idiosyncratic.
Answer: Genetically related abnormal drug response
, ◉ Median effective dose (ED50).
Answer: dose of a drug that produces a specific effect in 50% of test
population
◉ Median lethal dose (LD50).
Answer: dose of a drug that results in death of 50% of test subjects
(term used in animal studies)
◉ Toxic dose (TD50).
Answer: dose of a drug that results in toxicity for 50% of test
subjects (term used in human studies)
◉ Therapeutic Index.
Answer: The ratio of the median lethal dose (LD50) to the median
effective dose (ED50)
• If TI is small (narrow), toxicity is likely
• If TI is large (wide), drug is safer
• >10 is therapeutically useful
◉ What does therapeutic index determine?.
Answer: range of safe dosage
◉ Therapeutic Index equation.
GUIDE WITH SOLUTIONS
◉ Weak agonist.
Answer: requires many more receptors to be bound before the
desired effect is produced (when a drug has a low affinity and low
intrinsic activity, a large dose is required to produce the desired
effect)
◉ What potency does a weak agonist have?.
Answer: low
◉ Antagonists (attach but do not elicit a response).
Answer: Drugs that interfere with the activity of an agonist
◉ Potency.
Answer: The dose (amount) needed to produce the desired
therapeutic effect
◉ True or false: drug toxicity is related to potency because MORE
potent drugs can reach TOXIC levels at lower doses.
Answer: True
,◉ Efficacy.
Answer: Magnitude of response obtained from optimal receptor site
occupancy by a drug
◉ Side-effect.
Answer: -predictable
-dose-related
-acts on nontarget organs
◉ Toxic reaction.
Answer: -predictable
-dose-related
-acts on target organs
◉ Allergic reaction.
Answer: -not predictable
-not dose-related
◉ Idiosyncratic.
Answer: Genetically related abnormal drug response
, ◉ Median effective dose (ED50).
Answer: dose of a drug that produces a specific effect in 50% of test
population
◉ Median lethal dose (LD50).
Answer: dose of a drug that results in death of 50% of test subjects
(term used in animal studies)
◉ Toxic dose (TD50).
Answer: dose of a drug that results in toxicity for 50% of test
subjects (term used in human studies)
◉ Therapeutic Index.
Answer: The ratio of the median lethal dose (LD50) to the median
effective dose (ED50)
• If TI is small (narrow), toxicity is likely
• If TI is large (wide), drug is safer
• >10 is therapeutically useful
◉ What does therapeutic index determine?.
Answer: range of safe dosage
◉ Therapeutic Index equation.
