WGU D322 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM STUDY
GUIDE, COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS &
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS | EXAM
PREP & REVIEW MATERIALS
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UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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[EXAM• STUDY GUIDE • SUMMARY • ASSIGNMENT]
A clean, organized resource designed for easy revision and reference.
QUICK • CLEAR • PROFESSIONAL
,Data in DIKW The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not usable until it has
been converted into a relevant form.
Information in DIKW Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been applied to the data to
transform it into a more useful form.
Knowledge in DIKW Information that has been put to use; information placed into a context. Refined
information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant
portions of information when needed.
Wisdom in DIKW Provides a social setting to knowledge; an understanding of the "why". Can only come by
having both knowledge and experience.
Information Systems A collection of data and information used to support the management of an organization.
Also refers to the technical components and human resources that enable the assembly,
storage, and processing of data and the delivery of information. This has existed for a lot
longer than computers.
Characteristics of Quality Data Relevance - the data being used must apply directly to the decision being made
Timely - data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner
Thorough - the data must be complete
Accurate - data should be captured only once, where possible and should be captured
as close to the point of activity as possible.
Reliable - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across
collections points and over time
IPOS The Input-Procession-Output-Storage Cycle
Input Raw data is entered by the user.
Processing Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness.
Output Information is output so user can see results.
, Storage Processed information is stored for permanent record.
Computer System A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of the user; typically
categorized as either hardware, software, networks, or users.
Hardware Physical components of a computer system which include the system unit and its
components and peripheral devices; tangible aspects of the computer.
Software Computer programs that tell the computer what to do--how to execute commands and
process information
Network A collection of computers and resources connected by various media so that they can
communicate with each other.
User Those who use a computer.
Software Categories Systems Software and Applications Software
Evolution of Users First users were the engineers who built and programmed computers, then employees
who had received specialized training were users, and now today, anyone and everyone
can be a user.
Protocol Rules provided by which networks communicate with each other.
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Most commonly used protocol; is
required of all computers that communicate over the Internet.
Protocol Stack A collection of protocols. TCP/IP is an example.
Components of a Computer CPU, Memory and Storage, Peripheral Devices
CPU Executes programs' instructions and commands various components in the computer.
Referred to as the "chip".
Memory Stores the programs being executed and the data they are using.
I/O Subsystem All peripheral devices where long term storage devices are used.
GUIDE, COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS &
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS | EXAM
PREP & REVIEW MATERIALS
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% VERIFIED EXAM PREP
[EXAM• STUDY GUIDE • SUMMARY • ASSIGNMENT]
A clean, organized resource designed for easy revision and reference.
QUICK • CLEAR • PROFESSIONAL
,Data in DIKW The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not usable until it has
been converted into a relevant form.
Information in DIKW Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been applied to the data to
transform it into a more useful form.
Knowledge in DIKW Information that has been put to use; information placed into a context. Refined
information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant
portions of information when needed.
Wisdom in DIKW Provides a social setting to knowledge; an understanding of the "why". Can only come by
having both knowledge and experience.
Information Systems A collection of data and information used to support the management of an organization.
Also refers to the technical components and human resources that enable the assembly,
storage, and processing of data and the delivery of information. This has existed for a lot
longer than computers.
Characteristics of Quality Data Relevance - the data being used must apply directly to the decision being made
Timely - data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner
Thorough - the data must be complete
Accurate - data should be captured only once, where possible and should be captured
as close to the point of activity as possible.
Reliable - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across
collections points and over time
IPOS The Input-Procession-Output-Storage Cycle
Input Raw data is entered by the user.
Processing Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness.
Output Information is output so user can see results.
, Storage Processed information is stored for permanent record.
Computer System A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of the user; typically
categorized as either hardware, software, networks, or users.
Hardware Physical components of a computer system which include the system unit and its
components and peripheral devices; tangible aspects of the computer.
Software Computer programs that tell the computer what to do--how to execute commands and
process information
Network A collection of computers and resources connected by various media so that they can
communicate with each other.
User Those who use a computer.
Software Categories Systems Software and Applications Software
Evolution of Users First users were the engineers who built and programmed computers, then employees
who had received specialized training were users, and now today, anyone and everyone
can be a user.
Protocol Rules provided by which networks communicate with each other.
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Most commonly used protocol; is
required of all computers that communicate over the Internet.
Protocol Stack A collection of protocols. TCP/IP is an example.
Components of a Computer CPU, Memory and Storage, Peripheral Devices
CPU Executes programs' instructions and commands various components in the computer.
Referred to as the "chip".
Memory Stores the programs being executed and the data they are using.
I/O Subsystem All peripheral devices where long term storage devices are used.
