COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE, EXAM PREP &
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[EXAM• STUDY GUIDE • SUMMARY • ASSIGNMENT]
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, SELF-MONITORING A personality trait that measures an individual's ability to adjust his or her behavior to
external, situational factors.
PROACTIVE PERSONALITY people identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful
change occurs.
VALUES basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally
or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of
existence
TERMINAL VALUES desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve during his or
her lifetime
INSTRUMENTAL VALUES preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving one's terminal values
POWER DISTANCE a national culture attribute that describes the extent to which a society accepts that
power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally
PERCEPTION a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order
to give meaning to their environment
ATTRIBUTION THEORY an attempt to determine whether an individual's behavior is internally or externally
caused
FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the
influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others
SELF-SERVING BIAS the tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors and put
the blame for failures on external factors
SELECTIVE PERCEPTION the tendency to selectively interpret what one sees on the basis of one's interests,
background, experience, and attitude
HALO EFFECT the tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single
characteristic