BSC1011 UNIT 4 VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
Phylum Annelida - Answers - - "little rings"
- wormlike (vermiform)
- metamerism - metameres (segments) contain similar organ systems
- setae (chetae) made of chitin
- parapodia (almost feet)
- cerebral ganglia (brain) and ventral nervous cord
- complete digestive system
- closed circulation - dorsal and ventral vessels and 5 pumping vessels (HEART)
- red blood with hemoglobin
- metanephridia (excretory system) pair in each segment
Class Polychaeta - Answers - - MARINE worms
- SETAE ALL OVER BODY
- WELL DEVELOPED HEAD (predator)
- protruding pharynx with jaws
- PARAPODIA W SETAE (one portion of parapodia as gills)
- parapodia can perform gas exchange
Ex: FREE LIVING: sandworm and fireworm
Ex: TUBE DWELLERS: feather duster and christmas tree
Class Polychaeta (sandworm, fireworm, tube dwellers) has asexual and sexual
reproduction - Answers - ASEXUAL:
- regeneration of body parts
SEXUAL:
- mostly dioecious
- specific body segments or in all segments,
- sperm/egg leave thru nephridiopores although some can brood eggs in burrows or
coelom
- EPITOKY (release clone of tube dwelling organisms into water to release egg and
sperm over each other
Class Oligochaete - Answers - - earthworms
- FEW SETAE
- MOSTLY FRESHWATER AND MOSTLY SOIL, few marine
- NO PARAPODIA
- POORLY DEVELOPED HEART AND SENSORY STRUCTURES
- respiration: diffusion thru moist skin
,- digestive system adapted for diet composed of decomposing organic matter (plants)
with crop and gizzard
Class Oligochaeta (earthworms) has asexual and sexual reproduction - Answers -
ASEXUAL:
- fragmentation and regeneration of several clones in aquatic species
- regeneration of lost portions in terrestrial species
SEXUAL:
- hermaphrodites with few segments w gonads
- simultaneous sperm exchange
- external fertilization
- presence of clitellum (bag of mucus)
- eggs released in cocoon
- development is direct with no larval stages
Class Hirudinea - Answers - - leeches
- NO SETAE
- ectoparasites (blood sucking) or carnivorous
- marine, freshwater, terrestrial
- lacks parapodia, seta, and head appendages
- hermaphrodites with gonads restricted to few segments
- direct development and eggs released in cocoon
- DORSOVENTRALLY FLATTENED , suckers on both extremes
-coelom filled with mesenchyme and REDUCTION OF COELOM
- open circulation
Class Hirudinea (leeches) has ONLY sexual reproduction (can't regenerate lost body
parts) - Answers - SEXUAL:
- similar to earthworms
anatomy of earthworm - Answers - - crop and gizzard used to grind food found in soil so
they get nutrients
- every segment has a little ganglia
- septum separates segments
- each segment has an opening filled with liquid called a coelom (coelom in every
segment)
- filters liquid and metanephridum removed waste and throws it into outside world
(each segment has 2 metanephridia)
METOMEAR = SEGMENT
, annelids have 1 larva stage called what? - Answers - - trochophore if marine (indirect
development) same as Mollusca
- no larval stage for terrestrial (direct development)
Phylum Arthropoda important characteristics - Answers - - all have open circulatory
system = no blood-hemolin
- complete digestive system
- ventral nerve
- cephalothorax = fused head and thorax
Phylum Annelida - Answers - - "little rings"
- wormlike (vermiform)
- metamerism - metameres (segments) contain similar organ systems
- setae (chetae) made of chitin
- parapodia (almost feet)
- cerebral ganglia (brain) and ventral nervous cord
- complete digestive system
- closed circulation - dorsal and ventral vessels and 5 pumping vessels (HEART)
- red blood with hemoglobin
- metanephridia (excretory system) pair in each segment
Class Polychaeta - Answers - - MARINE worms
- SETAE ALL OVER BODY
- WELL DEVELOPED HEAD (predator)
- protruding pharynx with jaws
- PARAPODIA W SETAE (one portion of parapodia as gills)
- parapodia can perform gas exchange
Ex: FREE LIVING: sandworm and fireworm
Ex: TUBE DWELLERS: feather duster and christmas tree
Class Polychaeta (sandworm, fireworm, tube dwellers) has asexual and sexual
reproduction - Answers - ASEXUAL:
- regeneration of body parts
SEXUAL:
- mostly dioecious
- specific body segments or in all segments,
- sperm/egg leave thru nephridiopores although some can brood eggs in burrows or
coelom
- EPITOKY (release clone of tube dwelling organisms into water to release egg and
sperm over each other
Class Oligochaete - Answers - - earthworms
- FEW SETAE
- MOSTLY FRESHWATER AND MOSTLY SOIL, few marine
- NO PARAPODIA
- POORLY DEVELOPED HEART AND SENSORY STRUCTURES
- respiration: diffusion thru moist skin
,- digestive system adapted for diet composed of decomposing organic matter (plants)
with crop and gizzard
Class Oligochaeta (earthworms) has asexual and sexual reproduction - Answers -
ASEXUAL:
- fragmentation and regeneration of several clones in aquatic species
- regeneration of lost portions in terrestrial species
SEXUAL:
- hermaphrodites with few segments w gonads
- simultaneous sperm exchange
- external fertilization
- presence of clitellum (bag of mucus)
- eggs released in cocoon
- development is direct with no larval stages
Class Hirudinea - Answers - - leeches
- NO SETAE
- ectoparasites (blood sucking) or carnivorous
- marine, freshwater, terrestrial
- lacks parapodia, seta, and head appendages
- hermaphrodites with gonads restricted to few segments
- direct development and eggs released in cocoon
- DORSOVENTRALLY FLATTENED , suckers on both extremes
-coelom filled with mesenchyme and REDUCTION OF COELOM
- open circulation
Class Hirudinea (leeches) has ONLY sexual reproduction (can't regenerate lost body
parts) - Answers - SEXUAL:
- similar to earthworms
anatomy of earthworm - Answers - - crop and gizzard used to grind food found in soil so
they get nutrients
- every segment has a little ganglia
- septum separates segments
- each segment has an opening filled with liquid called a coelom (coelom in every
segment)
- filters liquid and metanephridum removed waste and throws it into outside world
(each segment has 2 metanephridia)
METOMEAR = SEGMENT
, annelids have 1 larva stage called what? - Answers - - trochophore if marine (indirect
development) same as Mollusca
- no larval stage for terrestrial (direct development)
Phylum Arthropoda important characteristics - Answers - - all have open circulatory
system = no blood-hemolin
- complete digestive system
- ventral nerve
- cephalothorax = fused head and thorax
