1
These notes have been compiled using the following resources from: NSC/ DBE NOV 2023, NSC/DBE Nov. 2024, SACAI NOV 2024, NSC/ DBE NOV
2025 & SACAI NOV 2025.
This information and these answers come from the memoranda (there are more
possible answers). Some information is repeated - I want to show you the different ways
the same information is asked. I encourage you to answer the calculation/illustration
questions.
To make optimal use of this document, you must learn/revise the study notes for Terms
1 and 2 and the Prelim Examination. To purchase the full-year package, contact:
Note: Some questions in the examination require you to answer in paragraph
format. In these notes, the answers are presented pointwise so that you can learn
and memorise them more easily. In the examination, where required, present your
answer as a flowing paragraph.
Purpose of this document:
• To be your complete revision guide for the 2026 Final Exam.
• To show you which topics have already been covered in Term 1/Term 2 and Term 3
and where you can review them.
• To include new content and case studies from the Final papers 2023/2024/2025
for you.
• To make sure you don't miss any possible exam question.
Good luck: Juffrou Ansie
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 2
Contents
Agricultural Management and Marketing .......................................................... 3
Price elasticity of demand ................................................................................ 3
Factors Influencing Supply ................................................................................ 4
Demand Chain Vs Supply Chain ...................................................................... 5
Eco-Labelling — Consumer Behaviour ............................................................. 6
Agricultural Marketing Chain — Middlemen And Value ................................ 7
Entrepreneurship and Swot ............................................................................... 9
Production Factors.............................................................................................. 10
Arable Land As Wealth ................................................................................... 10
Increasing The Productivity of Degraded Land ............................................. 12
Law of Diminishing Returns .............................................................................. 12
Labour Productivity Case Study ..................................................................... 13
Farm Profitability And Decision-Making ......................................................... 14
Farm Management Skills ................................................................................. 16
Basic Agricultural Genetics ................................................................................ 17
Importance of Genetics in Agriculture .......................................................... 17
Sex-Linked Inheritance .................................................................................... 18
Spontaneous and Induced Causes of Mutation ........................................... 20
Genetic Variation, Mutation and Natural Selection ..................................... 20
Mutated Maize Plants ..................................................................................... 22
GM Cultivation Graph..................................................................................... 22
KEY TERMS
TERM DEFINITION
Ceiling price The maximum price at which a product may be sold.
Unemployment The situation where people who are willing and able to
work are unable to find employment.
Gene silencing A genetic modification technique in which the
activity/expression of a specific gene is prevented or
switched off.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 3
Upgrading A breeding system in which purebred males are
repeatedly mated with non-descript/local females to
gradually improve the herd towards purebred/pedigree
status.
Agricultural Management and Marketing
Price elasticity of demand
REVISION: Prelim Paper 2, p. 11. Notes already distinguish elastic from inelastic
demand
___________________________________________________________________________
Case Study: @DBE November 2024
The graphs below show the response to the change in quantity demanded
in relation to price in a market.
Factors that may lead to price elasticity of demand:
• Nature of the product
• Availability of substitute products
• Consumer's budget/income
• Time period
Indicate the type of elasticity illustrated in:
(a) Graph A = Price elastic
(b) Graph B = Price inelastic
Give a reason for the answer to
Graph A as a price elastic
illustration.
= The change in price results in a
huge change in quantity
demanded.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
These notes have been compiled using the following resources from: NSC/ DBE NOV 2023, NSC/DBE Nov. 2024, SACAI NOV 2024, NSC/ DBE NOV
2025 & SACAI NOV 2025.
This information and these answers come from the memoranda (there are more
possible answers). Some information is repeated - I want to show you the different ways
the same information is asked. I encourage you to answer the calculation/illustration
questions.
To make optimal use of this document, you must learn/revise the study notes for Terms
1 and 2 and the Prelim Examination. To purchase the full-year package, contact:
Note: Some questions in the examination require you to answer in paragraph
format. In these notes, the answers are presented pointwise so that you can learn
and memorise them more easily. In the examination, where required, present your
answer as a flowing paragraph.
Purpose of this document:
• To be your complete revision guide for the 2026 Final Exam.
• To show you which topics have already been covered in Term 1/Term 2 and Term 3
and where you can review them.
• To include new content and case studies from the Final papers 2023/2024/2025
for you.
• To make sure you don't miss any possible exam question.
Good luck: Juffrou Ansie
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 2
Contents
Agricultural Management and Marketing .......................................................... 3
Price elasticity of demand ................................................................................ 3
Factors Influencing Supply ................................................................................ 4
Demand Chain Vs Supply Chain ...................................................................... 5
Eco-Labelling — Consumer Behaviour ............................................................. 6
Agricultural Marketing Chain — Middlemen And Value ................................ 7
Entrepreneurship and Swot ............................................................................... 9
Production Factors.............................................................................................. 10
Arable Land As Wealth ................................................................................... 10
Increasing The Productivity of Degraded Land ............................................. 12
Law of Diminishing Returns .............................................................................. 12
Labour Productivity Case Study ..................................................................... 13
Farm Profitability And Decision-Making ......................................................... 14
Farm Management Skills ................................................................................. 16
Basic Agricultural Genetics ................................................................................ 17
Importance of Genetics in Agriculture .......................................................... 17
Sex-Linked Inheritance .................................................................................... 18
Spontaneous and Induced Causes of Mutation ........................................... 20
Genetic Variation, Mutation and Natural Selection ..................................... 20
Mutated Maize Plants ..................................................................................... 22
GM Cultivation Graph..................................................................................... 22
KEY TERMS
TERM DEFINITION
Ceiling price The maximum price at which a product may be sold.
Unemployment The situation where people who are willing and able to
work are unable to find employment.
Gene silencing A genetic modification technique in which the
activity/expression of a specific gene is prevented or
switched off.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 3
Upgrading A breeding system in which purebred males are
repeatedly mated with non-descript/local females to
gradually improve the herd towards purebred/pedigree
status.
Agricultural Management and Marketing
Price elasticity of demand
REVISION: Prelim Paper 2, p. 11. Notes already distinguish elastic from inelastic
demand
___________________________________________________________________________
Case Study: @DBE November 2024
The graphs below show the response to the change in quantity demanded
in relation to price in a market.
Factors that may lead to price elasticity of demand:
• Nature of the product
• Availability of substitute products
• Consumer's budget/income
• Time period
Indicate the type of elasticity illustrated in:
(a) Graph A = Price elastic
(b) Graph B = Price inelastic
Give a reason for the answer to
Graph A as a price elastic
illustration.
= The change in price results in a
huge change in quantity
demanded.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
