BIOL 2402 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 2026 || MOST RECENT EXAM
2026|2027 ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED
SUCCESS!! NEWEST EXAM | JUST RELEASED!!
Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands
A. secrete only into the bloodstream.
B. secrete only local hormones.
C. secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior.
D. only secrete salts. E. secrete only into the urine -ANSWER-C. Secrete
through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior
Glomerular filtration produces about ________ liters of fluid in twenty-
four hours.
A. 40
B. 96
C. 144
D. 180
E. 240 -ANSWER-D. 180
The renal medulla is composed of _____, whereas the renal cortex is
composed of _____.
A. renal pyramids; ureters from nephrons
,B. renal columns; renal pyramids and nephrons
C. collecting tubules; peritubular capillaries from nephrons
D. renal pyramids; nephron tubules
E. strings; strands -ANSWER-D. renal pyramids; nephron tubules
What is an effect of an antidiuretic on the kidneys? -ANSWER-- If
ADH(antidiuretic hormone), is present, these segments become
permeable, and water is reabsorbed by osmosis into the extremely
hypertonic medullary interstitial fluid
- Urine becomes very concentrated, under the direction of ADH
An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of
glomerular filtration.
A. increases
B. decreases
C. does not change
D. has a variable effect on
E. stops -ANSWER-A. increases
The countercurrent mechanism functions primarily in the
A. renal corpuscle.
B. proximal convoluted tubule.
C. distal convoluted tubule
,D. nephron loop.
E. ureters. -ANSWER-D. nephron loop.
A nephron consists of
A. a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
B. an afferent and efferent arteriole.
C. a cortex and a medulla.
D. a bladder and a ureter.
E. peritubular and paratubular capillaries. -ANSWER-A. a renal
corpuscle and a renal tubule.
The respiratory center is most likely to increase the breathing rate if the
A. concentration of carbonic acid is decreasing.
B. pH of body fluids is decreasing.
C. pH of body fluids is increasing.
D. concentration of sodium bicarbonate is increasing.
E. none of the above. -ANSWER-B. pH of body fluids is decreasing.
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by
A. converting weak acids to strong acids.
B. converting strong acids to weak acids.
C. increasing breathing rate.
, D. promoting the excretion of hydrogen ions.
E. ensuring that the number of acid molecules equals the number of
base molecules. -ANSWER-B. converting strong acids to weak acids.
Acid-base buffers are the first line of defense against shifts in pH
because
A. they occur closest to the skin.
B. they are slow and prolonged.
C. they occur in everyone.
D. they are fast.
E. they control the other mechanisms. -ANSWER-D. they are fast
The ratio of intracellular to extracellular fluids in the body of an average
male is
A. 1:2
B. 2:1
C. 1:1
D. 3:2
E. 2:3 -ANSWER-B. 2:1
Extracellular fluids have relatively
A. high sodium and low potassium concentrations.
2026|2027 ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED
SUCCESS!! NEWEST EXAM | JUST RELEASED!!
Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands
A. secrete only into the bloodstream.
B. secrete only local hormones.
C. secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior.
D. only secrete salts. E. secrete only into the urine -ANSWER-C. Secrete
through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior
Glomerular filtration produces about ________ liters of fluid in twenty-
four hours.
A. 40
B. 96
C. 144
D. 180
E. 240 -ANSWER-D. 180
The renal medulla is composed of _____, whereas the renal cortex is
composed of _____.
A. renal pyramids; ureters from nephrons
,B. renal columns; renal pyramids and nephrons
C. collecting tubules; peritubular capillaries from nephrons
D. renal pyramids; nephron tubules
E. strings; strands -ANSWER-D. renal pyramids; nephron tubules
What is an effect of an antidiuretic on the kidneys? -ANSWER-- If
ADH(antidiuretic hormone), is present, these segments become
permeable, and water is reabsorbed by osmosis into the extremely
hypertonic medullary interstitial fluid
- Urine becomes very concentrated, under the direction of ADH
An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of
glomerular filtration.
A. increases
B. decreases
C. does not change
D. has a variable effect on
E. stops -ANSWER-A. increases
The countercurrent mechanism functions primarily in the
A. renal corpuscle.
B. proximal convoluted tubule.
C. distal convoluted tubule
,D. nephron loop.
E. ureters. -ANSWER-D. nephron loop.
A nephron consists of
A. a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
B. an afferent and efferent arteriole.
C. a cortex and a medulla.
D. a bladder and a ureter.
E. peritubular and paratubular capillaries. -ANSWER-A. a renal
corpuscle and a renal tubule.
The respiratory center is most likely to increase the breathing rate if the
A. concentration of carbonic acid is decreasing.
B. pH of body fluids is decreasing.
C. pH of body fluids is increasing.
D. concentration of sodium bicarbonate is increasing.
E. none of the above. -ANSWER-B. pH of body fluids is decreasing.
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by
A. converting weak acids to strong acids.
B. converting strong acids to weak acids.
C. increasing breathing rate.
, D. promoting the excretion of hydrogen ions.
E. ensuring that the number of acid molecules equals the number of
base molecules. -ANSWER-B. converting strong acids to weak acids.
Acid-base buffers are the first line of defense against shifts in pH
because
A. they occur closest to the skin.
B. they are slow and prolonged.
C. they occur in everyone.
D. they are fast.
E. they control the other mechanisms. -ANSWER-D. they are fast
The ratio of intracellular to extracellular fluids in the body of an average
male is
A. 1:2
B. 2:1
C. 1:1
D. 3:2
E. 2:3 -ANSWER-B. 2:1
Extracellular fluids have relatively
A. high sodium and low potassium concentrations.
