EVOLVE FUNDAMENTALS HESI [2026] | A+ VERIFIED
ANSWERS | UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS | DETAILED
STUDY GUIDE
• The nurse is teaching an obese client, newly diagnosed with arteriosclerosis,
about reducing the risk of a heart attack or stroke. Which health promotion
brochure is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?
A. "Monitoring Your Blood Pressure at Home"
B. "Smoking Cessation as a Lifelong Commitment"
C. "Decreasing Cholesterol Levels Through Diet"
D. "Stress Management for a Healthier You" -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: C
A health promotion brochure about decreasing cholesterol (C) is most important
to provide this client, because the most significant risk factor contributing to
development of arteriosclerosis is excess dietary fat, particularly saturated fat and
cholesterol. (A) does not address the underlying causes of arteriosclerosis. (B and
D) are also important factors for reversing arteriosclerosis but are not as
important as lowering cholesterol (C).
• Ten minutes after signing an operative permit for a fractured hip, an older client
states, "The aliens will be coming to get me soon!" and falls asleep. Which action
should the nurse implement next?
A. Make the client comfortable and allow the client to sleep.
B. Assess the client's neurologic status.
C. Notify the surgeon about the comment.
D. Ask the client's family to co-sign the operative permit. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
This statement may indicate that the client is confused. Informed consent must
be provided by a mentally competent individual, so the nurse should further
assess the client's neurologic status (B) to be sure that the client understands and
can legally provide consent for surgery. (A) does not provide sufficient follow-up.
,If the nurse determines that the client is confused, the surgeon must be notified
(C) and permission obtained from the next of kin (D).
• The nurse-manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is instructing UAPs on
ways to prevent complications of immobility. Which intervention should be
included in this instruction?
A. Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures.
B. Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea.
C. Massage the client's legs to reduce embolism occurrence.
D. Turn the client from side to back every shift. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: A
Performing range-of-motion exercises (A) is beneficial in reducing contractures
around joints. (B, C, and D) are all potentially harmful practices that place the
immobile client at risk of complications.
• The nurse is assisting a client to the bathroom. When the client is 5 feet from
the bathroom door, he states, "I feel faint." Before the nurse can get the client to
a chair, the client starts to fall. Which is the priority action for the nurse to take?
A. Check the client's carotid pulse.
B. Encourage the client to get to the toilet.
C. In a loud voice, call for help.
D. Gently lower the client to the floor. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: D
(D) is the most prudent intervention and is the priority nursing action to prevent
injury to the client and the nurse. Lowering the client to the floor should be done
when the client cannot support his own weight. The client should be placed in a
bed or chair only when sufficient help is available to prevent injury. (A) is
important but should be done after the client is in a safe position. Because the
client is not supporting himself, (B) is impractical. (C) is likely to cause chaos on
the unit and might alarm the other clients.
,• A female nurse is assigned to care for a close friend, who says, "I am worried
that friends will find out about my diagnosis." The nurse tells her friend that
legally she must protect a client's confidentiality. Which resource describes the
nurse's legal responsibilities?
A. Code of Ethics for Nurses
B. State Nurse Practice Act
C. Patient's Bill of Rights
D. ANA Standards of Practice -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
The State Nurse Practice Act (B) contains legal requirements for the protection of
client confidentiality and the consequences for breaches in confidentiality. (A)
outlines ethical standards for nursing care but does not include legal guidelines. (C
and D) describe expectations for nursing practice but do not address legal
implications.
• The nurse is teaching a client how to perform progressive muscle relaxation
techniques to relieve insomnia. A week later the client reports that he is still
unable to sleep, despite following the same routine every night. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A. Instruct the client to add regular exercise as a daily routine.
B. Determine if the client has been keeping a sleep diary.
C. Encourage the client to continue the routine until sleep is achieved.
D. Ask the client to describe the routine that the client is currently following. -
✓✓ANSWER: Answer: D
The nurse should first evaluate whether the client has been adhering to the
original instructions (D). A verbal report of the client's routine will provide more
specific information than the client's written diary (B). The nurse can then
determine which changes need to be made (A). The routine practiced by the
client is clearly unsuccessful, so encouragement alone is insufficient (C).
, • A 65-year-old client who attends an adult daycare program and is wheelchair-
mobile has redness in the sacral area. Which instruction is most important for the
nurse to provide?
A. Take a vitamin supplement tablet once a day.
B. Change positions in the chair at least every hour.
C. Increase daily intake of water or other oral fluids.
D. Purchase a newer model wheelchair. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
The most important teaching is to change positions frequently (B) because
pressure is the most significant factor related to the development of pressure
ulcers. Increased vitamin and fluid intake (A and C) may also be beneficial
promote healing and reduce further risk. (D) is an intervention of last resort
because this will be very expensive for the client.
• When turning an immobile bedridden client without assistance, which action by
the nurse best ensures client safety?
A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the nurse.
C. Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
Because the nurse can only stand on one side of the bed, bed rails should be up
on the opposite side to ensure that the client does not fall out of bed (B). (A) can
cause client injury to the skin or joint. (C and D) are useful techniques while
turning a client but have less priority in terms of safety than use of the bed rails.
• A female client with frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) asks the nurse to
explain her friend's advice about drinking a glass of juice daily to prevent future
UTIs. Which response is best for the nurse provide?
ANSWERS | UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS | DETAILED
STUDY GUIDE
• The nurse is teaching an obese client, newly diagnosed with arteriosclerosis,
about reducing the risk of a heart attack or stroke. Which health promotion
brochure is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?
A. "Monitoring Your Blood Pressure at Home"
B. "Smoking Cessation as a Lifelong Commitment"
C. "Decreasing Cholesterol Levels Through Diet"
D. "Stress Management for a Healthier You" -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: C
A health promotion brochure about decreasing cholesterol (C) is most important
to provide this client, because the most significant risk factor contributing to
development of arteriosclerosis is excess dietary fat, particularly saturated fat and
cholesterol. (A) does not address the underlying causes of arteriosclerosis. (B and
D) are also important factors for reversing arteriosclerosis but are not as
important as lowering cholesterol (C).
• Ten minutes after signing an operative permit for a fractured hip, an older client
states, "The aliens will be coming to get me soon!" and falls asleep. Which action
should the nurse implement next?
A. Make the client comfortable and allow the client to sleep.
B. Assess the client's neurologic status.
C. Notify the surgeon about the comment.
D. Ask the client's family to co-sign the operative permit. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
This statement may indicate that the client is confused. Informed consent must
be provided by a mentally competent individual, so the nurse should further
assess the client's neurologic status (B) to be sure that the client understands and
can legally provide consent for surgery. (A) does not provide sufficient follow-up.
,If the nurse determines that the client is confused, the surgeon must be notified
(C) and permission obtained from the next of kin (D).
• The nurse-manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is instructing UAPs on
ways to prevent complications of immobility. Which intervention should be
included in this instruction?
A. Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures.
B. Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea.
C. Massage the client's legs to reduce embolism occurrence.
D. Turn the client from side to back every shift. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: A
Performing range-of-motion exercises (A) is beneficial in reducing contractures
around joints. (B, C, and D) are all potentially harmful practices that place the
immobile client at risk of complications.
• The nurse is assisting a client to the bathroom. When the client is 5 feet from
the bathroom door, he states, "I feel faint." Before the nurse can get the client to
a chair, the client starts to fall. Which is the priority action for the nurse to take?
A. Check the client's carotid pulse.
B. Encourage the client to get to the toilet.
C. In a loud voice, call for help.
D. Gently lower the client to the floor. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: D
(D) is the most prudent intervention and is the priority nursing action to prevent
injury to the client and the nurse. Lowering the client to the floor should be done
when the client cannot support his own weight. The client should be placed in a
bed or chair only when sufficient help is available to prevent injury. (A) is
important but should be done after the client is in a safe position. Because the
client is not supporting himself, (B) is impractical. (C) is likely to cause chaos on
the unit and might alarm the other clients.
,• A female nurse is assigned to care for a close friend, who says, "I am worried
that friends will find out about my diagnosis." The nurse tells her friend that
legally she must protect a client's confidentiality. Which resource describes the
nurse's legal responsibilities?
A. Code of Ethics for Nurses
B. State Nurse Practice Act
C. Patient's Bill of Rights
D. ANA Standards of Practice -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
The State Nurse Practice Act (B) contains legal requirements for the protection of
client confidentiality and the consequences for breaches in confidentiality. (A)
outlines ethical standards for nursing care but does not include legal guidelines. (C
and D) describe expectations for nursing practice but do not address legal
implications.
• The nurse is teaching a client how to perform progressive muscle relaxation
techniques to relieve insomnia. A week later the client reports that he is still
unable to sleep, despite following the same routine every night. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A. Instruct the client to add regular exercise as a daily routine.
B. Determine if the client has been keeping a sleep diary.
C. Encourage the client to continue the routine until sleep is achieved.
D. Ask the client to describe the routine that the client is currently following. -
✓✓ANSWER: Answer: D
The nurse should first evaluate whether the client has been adhering to the
original instructions (D). A verbal report of the client's routine will provide more
specific information than the client's written diary (B). The nurse can then
determine which changes need to be made (A). The routine practiced by the
client is clearly unsuccessful, so encouragement alone is insufficient (C).
, • A 65-year-old client who attends an adult daycare program and is wheelchair-
mobile has redness in the sacral area. Which instruction is most important for the
nurse to provide?
A. Take a vitamin supplement tablet once a day.
B. Change positions in the chair at least every hour.
C. Increase daily intake of water or other oral fluids.
D. Purchase a newer model wheelchair. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
The most important teaching is to change positions frequently (B) because
pressure is the most significant factor related to the development of pressure
ulcers. Increased vitamin and fluid intake (A and C) may also be beneficial
promote healing and reduce further risk. (D) is an intervention of last resort
because this will be very expensive for the client.
• When turning an immobile bedridden client without assistance, which action by
the nurse best ensures client safety?
A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the nurse.
C. Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly. -✓✓ANSWER: Answer: B
Because the nurse can only stand on one side of the bed, bed rails should be up
on the opposite side to ensure that the client does not fall out of bed (B). (A) can
cause client injury to the skin or joint. (C and D) are useful techniques while
turning a client but have less priority in terms of safety than use of the bed rails.
• A female client with frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) asks the nurse to
explain her friend's advice about drinking a glass of juice daily to prevent future
UTIs. Which response is best for the nurse provide?
