WGU D311 Micro Section 1 Exam Questions and Correct Answers 100% Verified Graded
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Prokaryotic Cells - nucleoid; flagellum; pili; capsule; cell wall; cell membrane
Eukaryotic cells - Nucleus; mitochondria; chloroplast; ER; Golgi apparatus
light microscope - Microscope that uses light to visualize images
Brightfield microscope - Compound microscope with two or more lenses, produces a dark
image on bright backgrounds
wet mount - a slide preparation technique in which a specimen is placed on the slide in a
drop of liquid
Fixation - The process by which cells are killed and attached to a slide
basic dyes - Chromosphere that have positive charges, attach to negatively charged
structures
acidic dyes - Chromosphere that are negatively charged that attaches to a positively
charged structure
positive stain - a stain that colors the structure of interest
,negative stain - a simple stain that stains the background but leaves the bacteria unstained
simple staining - staining a specimen with a single dye
Differential staining - using specific stains to distinguish different types of cell.
acid fast stain - A stain that differentiates cells that have waxy mycolic acid in their gram-
positive cell walls
Microbiome - the microorganisms in a particular environment
Extremophiles - Archaea that live in extreme environments.
Thermophiles - Bacterium or other microorganisms that grows best at very high
temperatures; hot springs
Psychrophiles - Bacteria or other microorganisms that grow best as low temperatures;
snow, glaciers
Rizosphere - Region of soil in the vicinity of plant roots influenced by their growth,
respiration and nutrient exchange with microbes
, Flagellum - Movement only
Pili - Have substance called adhesion, stick to other bacteria; F-pills and sex pilus-
important I. The transfer of DNA between bacterial cells
capsule - Protection to the cell, made of polysaccharides, help bacteria stick- producing
biofilm, advantage of protecting the cell from phagocytosis
cell wall - Composed of peptidoglycan, protects the cell from bursting in hypertonic
solution
Cell membrane - Allows substances in/waste out, keep bad substances out of cell
Protists - An informal grouping of eukaryotes; algae, Protozoa
Fungi - Eukaryotes; not photosynthetic, walls made of chitin; yeast and molds
Helminths - Multicellular parasitic worms; large enough to see without microscope;
microscopic eggs and larvae; guinea worm
Viruses - Acellular; proteins and genetic material- DNA or RNA; able to co-opt the hosts
cellular mechanism- multiply and infect
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Prokaryotic Cells - nucleoid; flagellum; pili; capsule; cell wall; cell membrane
Eukaryotic cells - Nucleus; mitochondria; chloroplast; ER; Golgi apparatus
light microscope - Microscope that uses light to visualize images
Brightfield microscope - Compound microscope with two or more lenses, produces a dark
image on bright backgrounds
wet mount - a slide preparation technique in which a specimen is placed on the slide in a
drop of liquid
Fixation - The process by which cells are killed and attached to a slide
basic dyes - Chromosphere that have positive charges, attach to negatively charged
structures
acidic dyes - Chromosphere that are negatively charged that attaches to a positively
charged structure
positive stain - a stain that colors the structure of interest
,negative stain - a simple stain that stains the background but leaves the bacteria unstained
simple staining - staining a specimen with a single dye
Differential staining - using specific stains to distinguish different types of cell.
acid fast stain - A stain that differentiates cells that have waxy mycolic acid in their gram-
positive cell walls
Microbiome - the microorganisms in a particular environment
Extremophiles - Archaea that live in extreme environments.
Thermophiles - Bacterium or other microorganisms that grows best at very high
temperatures; hot springs
Psychrophiles - Bacteria or other microorganisms that grow best as low temperatures;
snow, glaciers
Rizosphere - Region of soil in the vicinity of plant roots influenced by their growth,
respiration and nutrient exchange with microbes
, Flagellum - Movement only
Pili - Have substance called adhesion, stick to other bacteria; F-pills and sex pilus-
important I. The transfer of DNA between bacterial cells
capsule - Protection to the cell, made of polysaccharides, help bacteria stick- producing
biofilm, advantage of protecting the cell from phagocytosis
cell wall - Composed of peptidoglycan, protects the cell from bursting in hypertonic
solution
Cell membrane - Allows substances in/waste out, keep bad substances out of cell
Protists - An informal grouping of eukaryotes; algae, Protozoa
Fungi - Eukaryotes; not photosynthetic, walls made of chitin; yeast and molds
Helminths - Multicellular parasitic worms; large enough to see without microscope;
microscopic eggs and larvae; guinea worm
Viruses - Acellular; proteins and genetic material- DNA or RNA; able to co-opt the hosts
cellular mechanism- multiply and infect
