PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 370 MIDTERM Exam Questions and Correct Answers 100%
Verified Graded A+
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which:
A. Stem cells are transferred to the patient from an identical twin.
B. There is a high rejection rate.
C. Stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.
D. Stem cells are transferred to the patient from an HLA-matched donor. - C. Stem cells
are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.
In autologous transplantation, the stem cells are collected from the patient's own blood and then
stored and reinfused in the same patient after chemotherapy and radiation. The use of autologous
transplants eliminates the problem of graft-versus-host disease. Transplant from a closely
matched donor is known as allogeneic transplant. In autologous transplant, stem cells are used
from the patient's own blood.
Emesis causes:
A. Metabolic alkalosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis.
,C. Metabolic alkalosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis. - A. Metabolic alkalosis.
Emesis causes metabolic alkalosis as the stomach is a major reservoir for acids. Emesis causes a
metabolic acid-base imbalance as it is not related to the respiratory system. Emesis involves loss
of gastric acid and fluid and causes an alkalotic disruption.
Which clinical finding is indicative of compartment syndrome?
A. Peripheral edema.
B. Redness and swelling.
C. Atrophy of distal tissues.
D. Absent peripheral pulses. - D. Absent peripheral pulses.
Compartment syndrome creates an effective absence of arterial circulation to an extremity.
Swelling within a cast or tight dressing may contribute to the development of compartment
syndrome. Compartment syndrome creates pallor in the affected extremity. Acute arterial
occlusion is an emergency, and could result in profound ischemia in the involved limb.
,A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain
brought on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is:
A. Unstable angina.
B. Coronary vasospasm.
C. Myocardial infarction.
D. Stable angina. - D. Stable angina.
Stable angina is the most common form of chest pain and is characterized by pain that is caused
under conditions of increased myocardial workload, such as physical exertion or emotional
strain. Pain related to myocardial infarction is not relieved by rest. Coronary vasospasm is
characterized by unpredictable attacks of angina pain. A patient with unstable angina presents
with symptoms similar to myocardial infarction.
The assessment findings of a 5-year-old with a history of asthma include extreme shortness of
breath, nasal flaring, coughing, pulsus paradoxus, and use of accessory respiratory muscles.
There is no wheezing and the chest is silent in many areas. How should you interpret your
assessment?
A. Since there is not wheezing, asthma is the problem, but oxygen should be started immediately
anyway.
, B. The child may be having such a severe asthma episode that the airways are closed, so start
oxygen and get the doctor immediately.
C. The child probably has consolidated pneumonia; oxygen should be started immediately.
D. The signs and symptoms are consistent with asthma; start oxygen and then check to see that
your stethoscope is working properly. - B. The child may be having such a severe asthma
episode that the airways are closed, so start oxygen and get the doctor immediately.
The airway inflammation, edema, and bronchoconstriction of acute asthma may occlude small
airways completely, so that no air is moving, which requires emergency intervention. Alicia has a
history of asthma rather than pneumonia. Asthma can occur without wheezing. This is an
emergency situation that requires you to start oxygen and notify the physician.
The hypersecretion of mucus resulting for chronic bronchitis is the result of:
A. Destruction of alveolar septa.
B. Reduced inflammation.
C. Recurrent infection.
d. Barrel chest. - C. Recurrent infection.
Verified Graded A+
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which:
A. Stem cells are transferred to the patient from an identical twin.
B. There is a high rejection rate.
C. Stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.
D. Stem cells are transferred to the patient from an HLA-matched donor. - C. Stem cells
are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.
In autologous transplantation, the stem cells are collected from the patient's own blood and then
stored and reinfused in the same patient after chemotherapy and radiation. The use of autologous
transplants eliminates the problem of graft-versus-host disease. Transplant from a closely
matched donor is known as allogeneic transplant. In autologous transplant, stem cells are used
from the patient's own blood.
Emesis causes:
A. Metabolic alkalosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis.
,C. Metabolic alkalosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis. - A. Metabolic alkalosis.
Emesis causes metabolic alkalosis as the stomach is a major reservoir for acids. Emesis causes a
metabolic acid-base imbalance as it is not related to the respiratory system. Emesis involves loss
of gastric acid and fluid and causes an alkalotic disruption.
Which clinical finding is indicative of compartment syndrome?
A. Peripheral edema.
B. Redness and swelling.
C. Atrophy of distal tissues.
D. Absent peripheral pulses. - D. Absent peripheral pulses.
Compartment syndrome creates an effective absence of arterial circulation to an extremity.
Swelling within a cast or tight dressing may contribute to the development of compartment
syndrome. Compartment syndrome creates pallor in the affected extremity. Acute arterial
occlusion is an emergency, and could result in profound ischemia in the involved limb.
,A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain
brought on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is:
A. Unstable angina.
B. Coronary vasospasm.
C. Myocardial infarction.
D. Stable angina. - D. Stable angina.
Stable angina is the most common form of chest pain and is characterized by pain that is caused
under conditions of increased myocardial workload, such as physical exertion or emotional
strain. Pain related to myocardial infarction is not relieved by rest. Coronary vasospasm is
characterized by unpredictable attacks of angina pain. A patient with unstable angina presents
with symptoms similar to myocardial infarction.
The assessment findings of a 5-year-old with a history of asthma include extreme shortness of
breath, nasal flaring, coughing, pulsus paradoxus, and use of accessory respiratory muscles.
There is no wheezing and the chest is silent in many areas. How should you interpret your
assessment?
A. Since there is not wheezing, asthma is the problem, but oxygen should be started immediately
anyway.
, B. The child may be having such a severe asthma episode that the airways are closed, so start
oxygen and get the doctor immediately.
C. The child probably has consolidated pneumonia; oxygen should be started immediately.
D. The signs and symptoms are consistent with asthma; start oxygen and then check to see that
your stethoscope is working properly. - B. The child may be having such a severe asthma
episode that the airways are closed, so start oxygen and get the doctor immediately.
The airway inflammation, edema, and bronchoconstriction of acute asthma may occlude small
airways completely, so that no air is moving, which requires emergency intervention. Alicia has a
history of asthma rather than pneumonia. Asthma can occur without wheezing. This is an
emergency situation that requires you to start oxygen and notify the physician.
The hypersecretion of mucus resulting for chronic bronchitis is the result of:
A. Destruction of alveolar septa.
B. Reduced inflammation.
C. Recurrent infection.
d. Barrel chest. - C. Recurrent infection.
