NUR 2356 Multidimensional Care Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers 2026/27 Graded
A+
Red blood cell production is stimulated by:
1. Tachycardia
2. Tachypnea
3. Renin angiotensin
4. Hypoxia - Hypoxia
4 Main components of blood composition - RBC, WBC, platelets, plasma
What is the composition of plasma - 90% H2O
10% solutes - glucose, protein, albumin, hormones, etc
Where is bone marrow aspiration in infants? - Tibia
Where is bone marrow aspiration in toddlers and preschoolers? - femur and tibia
Where is bone marrow aspiration in children over 5? - pelvis (iliac crest)
Where is bone marrow production in young adults/adults? - ribs, sternum, vertebra, pelvis,
skull, clavicle, scapula
,what is anemia - a condition in which levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin are lower
than normal
4 types of anemia - Iron deficiency
lead poisoning
sickle cell
B-thalassemia
Define iron deficiency anemia - reduction in the iron stores of the body causing an
inadequate production of hemoglobin
What is iron needed for? - to make hgb
signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia - pallor
tachycardia
tachypnea
lethargy
fatigue
irritability
Why are neonates at risk for iron deficiency anemia? - -lack the maternal iron stores
,-Full term infants have maternal iron stores until approximately 6 months of age
-Havent had the time in utero to store up the needed iron supply (preterm)
How can you treat a neonate with iron deficiency anemia? - Iron fortified formula
What are risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in infants and children? - 1.inadequate
iron intake
2.Malabsorption of iron in GI tract
3.Chronic blood loss
Food with good sources of iron - red meat, egg yolk, leafy greens, dried fruits, fortified
cereals/formulas, beef, chicken, fish, beans, nuts, seeds, peanut butter, eggs, prunes, whole grain
bread
How is iron deficiency anemia diagnosed? - Serum lab evaluation:
-Red blood cell count = microcytic (small) and hypo chronic (pale in color)
-low hemoglobin
-low hematocrit
-low reticulocyte count
-low serum iron concentration
-high total iron binding capacity
, What is the goal of treatment for iron deficiency anemia - treat medical problem causing
malabsorption or blood loss/ identify cause
What is the treatment method for iron deficiency anemia? - Increase iron take
~ Dietary sources
~Medication supplement (ferrosol or ferrous sulfate)
What should nurses and parents know about administering iron to children? - -Administer
to back of mouth because it stains teeth, can cause constipation, and black/green stool
-Give with orange juice or citric acid to help with absorption
-Do not give with milk or antacids
-Give on empty stomach unless GI distress
Lead Poisoning Risks - -Children under the age of 6
-Children living at or below the poverty line who live in older (prior to 1978) housing
-Children adopted from other countries where there are less strict environmental regulations
Environmental causes of lead poisoning - -Lead based paint
-Plumbing from lead pipes
-soil
Dietary factors of lead poisoning - -iron deficiency
A+
Red blood cell production is stimulated by:
1. Tachycardia
2. Tachypnea
3. Renin angiotensin
4. Hypoxia - Hypoxia
4 Main components of blood composition - RBC, WBC, platelets, plasma
What is the composition of plasma - 90% H2O
10% solutes - glucose, protein, albumin, hormones, etc
Where is bone marrow aspiration in infants? - Tibia
Where is bone marrow aspiration in toddlers and preschoolers? - femur and tibia
Where is bone marrow aspiration in children over 5? - pelvis (iliac crest)
Where is bone marrow production in young adults/adults? - ribs, sternum, vertebra, pelvis,
skull, clavicle, scapula
,what is anemia - a condition in which levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin are lower
than normal
4 types of anemia - Iron deficiency
lead poisoning
sickle cell
B-thalassemia
Define iron deficiency anemia - reduction in the iron stores of the body causing an
inadequate production of hemoglobin
What is iron needed for? - to make hgb
signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia - pallor
tachycardia
tachypnea
lethargy
fatigue
irritability
Why are neonates at risk for iron deficiency anemia? - -lack the maternal iron stores
,-Full term infants have maternal iron stores until approximately 6 months of age
-Havent had the time in utero to store up the needed iron supply (preterm)
How can you treat a neonate with iron deficiency anemia? - Iron fortified formula
What are risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in infants and children? - 1.inadequate
iron intake
2.Malabsorption of iron in GI tract
3.Chronic blood loss
Food with good sources of iron - red meat, egg yolk, leafy greens, dried fruits, fortified
cereals/formulas, beef, chicken, fish, beans, nuts, seeds, peanut butter, eggs, prunes, whole grain
bread
How is iron deficiency anemia diagnosed? - Serum lab evaluation:
-Red blood cell count = microcytic (small) and hypo chronic (pale in color)
-low hemoglobin
-low hematocrit
-low reticulocyte count
-low serum iron concentration
-high total iron binding capacity
, What is the goal of treatment for iron deficiency anemia - treat medical problem causing
malabsorption or blood loss/ identify cause
What is the treatment method for iron deficiency anemia? - Increase iron take
~ Dietary sources
~Medication supplement (ferrosol or ferrous sulfate)
What should nurses and parents know about administering iron to children? - -Administer
to back of mouth because it stains teeth, can cause constipation, and black/green stool
-Give with orange juice or citric acid to help with absorption
-Do not give with milk or antacids
-Give on empty stomach unless GI distress
Lead Poisoning Risks - -Children under the age of 6
-Children living at or below the poverty line who live in older (prior to 1978) housing
-Children adopted from other countries where there are less strict environmental regulations
Environmental causes of lead poisoning - -Lead based paint
-Plumbing from lead pipes
-soil
Dietary factors of lead poisoning - -iron deficiency
