NURS 6111 Exam 1 | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Question:
Na normal lab value
Answer:
135-145
Question:
K normal lab value
Answer:
3.5-5.0
Question:
Mg normal lab value
Answer:
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
Question:
Calcium normal lab value
Answer:
8.5-10.5 mg/dL
Question:
Abnormal signs and symptoms of K
Answer:
excessive thirst, increased urination, muscle cramps,
fatigue/weakness, irregular heartbeat, constipation, abdominal
cramping
Question:
Abnormal signs and symptoms of Mg
Answer:
,muscle cramps, fatigue/weakness, abnormal heart rhythm,
numbness/tingling, mental symptoms, insomnia
Question:
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by
Answer:
converting a strong acid or base to a weak one
Question:
Types of hypersensitivity reactions
Answer:
Type 1: Immunoglobulin IgE mediated reactions(allergic
reaction), rapid time frame, ex peanut allergy Type 2: tissue
specific, activates complement cascade/phagocytosis, body
attacks healthy RBC thinking they are foreign, ex graves, hep
induced thrombocytopenia Type 3: immune complexes
formed in circulation and deposited into cell wall and cause
tissue damage , ex is rayanuds Type 4: delayed sensitivity,
only type that is mediated by T lymphocytes and do not
involve antibodies, ex contact sensitivity to poison ivy, latex,
mycobacterial infection
Question:
Prematurity
Answer:
baby born before 37 weeks gestation, causes: maternal age,
multiple pregnancies, uterine or cervical abnormalities,
infections/chronic conditions. Clinical findings of premature
babies: low birth weight, jaundice, feeding difficulties
Question:
RDS (respiratory distress syndrome)
, Answer:
babies born before 28 weeks, caused by lack of surfactant,
characterized by shallow rapid breathing(grunting), males are
more prone
Question:
NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis)
Answer:
babies born before 32 weeks, caused by damage and
inflammation to intestinal tissues, characterized by bloody
stools and distended abdomen. Risk factors: low birth weight,
formula feedings
Question:
SIDS(sudden infant death syndrome)
Answer:
common between 1-4 months of age, most frequent death for
child 2 weeks-1 year, can occur from sleeping on soft surface,
occurs in boys more often than girls
Question:
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Answer:
Caused by a lack of genetic material in the 15 pair of
chromosomes. Usually inherited from the father. The leading
genetic cause of obesity. The degree of mental retardation
varies, but is usually in the mild range. Students with
Prader-Willi syndrome can be rigid and oppositional. They do
not respond well to sudden changes in their routine. It can
also result in low muscle tone, short stature, incomplete
sexual development, cognitive disabilities, problem behaviors,
and a chronic feeling of hunger that can lead to excessive
eating and life-threatening obesity.
Question:
Na normal lab value
Answer:
135-145
Question:
K normal lab value
Answer:
3.5-5.0
Question:
Mg normal lab value
Answer:
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
Question:
Calcium normal lab value
Answer:
8.5-10.5 mg/dL
Question:
Abnormal signs and symptoms of K
Answer:
excessive thirst, increased urination, muscle cramps,
fatigue/weakness, irregular heartbeat, constipation, abdominal
cramping
Question:
Abnormal signs and symptoms of Mg
Answer:
,muscle cramps, fatigue/weakness, abnormal heart rhythm,
numbness/tingling, mental symptoms, insomnia
Question:
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by
Answer:
converting a strong acid or base to a weak one
Question:
Types of hypersensitivity reactions
Answer:
Type 1: Immunoglobulin IgE mediated reactions(allergic
reaction), rapid time frame, ex peanut allergy Type 2: tissue
specific, activates complement cascade/phagocytosis, body
attacks healthy RBC thinking they are foreign, ex graves, hep
induced thrombocytopenia Type 3: immune complexes
formed in circulation and deposited into cell wall and cause
tissue damage , ex is rayanuds Type 4: delayed sensitivity,
only type that is mediated by T lymphocytes and do not
involve antibodies, ex contact sensitivity to poison ivy, latex,
mycobacterial infection
Question:
Prematurity
Answer:
baby born before 37 weeks gestation, causes: maternal age,
multiple pregnancies, uterine or cervical abnormalities,
infections/chronic conditions. Clinical findings of premature
babies: low birth weight, jaundice, feeding difficulties
Question:
RDS (respiratory distress syndrome)
, Answer:
babies born before 28 weeks, caused by lack of surfactant,
characterized by shallow rapid breathing(grunting), males are
more prone
Question:
NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis)
Answer:
babies born before 32 weeks, caused by damage and
inflammation to intestinal tissues, characterized by bloody
stools and distended abdomen. Risk factors: low birth weight,
formula feedings
Question:
SIDS(sudden infant death syndrome)
Answer:
common between 1-4 months of age, most frequent death for
child 2 weeks-1 year, can occur from sleeping on soft surface,
occurs in boys more often than girls
Question:
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Answer:
Caused by a lack of genetic material in the 15 pair of
chromosomes. Usually inherited from the father. The leading
genetic cause of obesity. The degree of mental retardation
varies, but is usually in the mild range. Students with
Prader-Willi syndrome can be rigid and oppositional. They do
not respond well to sudden changes in their routine. It can
also result in low muscle tone, short stature, incomplete
sexual development, cognitive disabilities, problem behaviors,
and a chronic feeling of hunger that can lead to excessive
eating and life-threatening obesity.
