BNST IAS Complete Study Guide 2026/2027 | 500+ Practice Questions,
Answers & Detailed Explanations | History, Polity, Geography,
Economy, Science & Current Affairs
SECTION A — INDIAN POLITY & CONSTITUTION
1. When was the Constitution of India adopted?
A. 15 August 1947
B. 26 November 1949
C. 26 January 1950
D. 2 October 1950
Answer: B. 26 November 1949
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26
November 1949. It came into force on 26 January 1950.
2. Which part of the Constitution contains Fundamental Rights?
A. Part II
B. Part III
C. Part IV
D. Part IVA
Answer: B. Part III
Explanation: Part III, covering Articles 12–35, contains Fundamental
Rights.
3. Fundamental Duties are contained in:
A. Part III
B. Part IV
C. Part IVA
D. Part V
,Answer: C. Part IVA
Explanation: Article 51A contains the Fundamental Duties.
4. Directive Principles of State Policy are found in:
A. Part II
B. Part III
C. Part IV
D. Part VI
Answer: C. Part IV
Explanation: Articles 36–51 contain the Directive Principles of State
Policy.
5. Which Article guarantees equality before law?
A. Article 12
B. Article 14
C. Article 19
D. Article 21
Answer: B. Article 14
Explanation: Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal
protection of laws.
6. Article 21 protects:
A. Freedom of religion
B. Right to property
C. Life and personal liberty
D. Cultural rights
,Answer: C. Life and personal liberty
Explanation: Article 21 states that no person shall be deprived of life or
personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.
7. Which Article is known as the “heart and soul” of the Constitution?
A. Article 14
B. Article 19
C. Article 32
D. Article 368
Answer: C. Article 32
Explanation: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Article 32, concerning
constitutional remedies, as the heart and soul of the Constitution.
8. The writ of Habeas Corpus literally means:
A. We command
B. To have the body
C. By what authority
D. To prohibit
Answer: B. To have the body
Explanation: Habeas Corpus protects individuals against unlawful
detention.
9. Which writ is used to challenge illegal occupation of a public office?
A. Habeas Corpus
B. Mandamus
C. Quo Warranto
D. Certiorari
, Answer: C. Quo Warranto
Explanation: Quo Warranto asks by what authority a person holds a
public office.
10. The President of India is elected by:
A. Direct popular vote
B. Parliament alone
C. An electoral college
D. Supreme Court judges
Answer: C. An electoral college
Explanation: The President is elected indirectly by elected MPs and
elected MLAs of the states and certain Union Territories.
11. The constitutional head of the Union executive is:
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Home Minister
D. Chief Justice of India
Answer: B. President
Explanation: Article 52 provides for the office of the President of India.
12. The real executive authority at the Union level is exercised by:
A. President alone
B. Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
C. Parliament Secretariat
D. Supreme Court
Answers & Detailed Explanations | History, Polity, Geography,
Economy, Science & Current Affairs
SECTION A — INDIAN POLITY & CONSTITUTION
1. When was the Constitution of India adopted?
A. 15 August 1947
B. 26 November 1949
C. 26 January 1950
D. 2 October 1950
Answer: B. 26 November 1949
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26
November 1949. It came into force on 26 January 1950.
2. Which part of the Constitution contains Fundamental Rights?
A. Part II
B. Part III
C. Part IV
D. Part IVA
Answer: B. Part III
Explanation: Part III, covering Articles 12–35, contains Fundamental
Rights.
3. Fundamental Duties are contained in:
A. Part III
B. Part IV
C. Part IVA
D. Part V
,Answer: C. Part IVA
Explanation: Article 51A contains the Fundamental Duties.
4. Directive Principles of State Policy are found in:
A. Part II
B. Part III
C. Part IV
D. Part VI
Answer: C. Part IV
Explanation: Articles 36–51 contain the Directive Principles of State
Policy.
5. Which Article guarantees equality before law?
A. Article 12
B. Article 14
C. Article 19
D. Article 21
Answer: B. Article 14
Explanation: Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal
protection of laws.
6. Article 21 protects:
A. Freedom of religion
B. Right to property
C. Life and personal liberty
D. Cultural rights
,Answer: C. Life and personal liberty
Explanation: Article 21 states that no person shall be deprived of life or
personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.
7. Which Article is known as the “heart and soul” of the Constitution?
A. Article 14
B. Article 19
C. Article 32
D. Article 368
Answer: C. Article 32
Explanation: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Article 32, concerning
constitutional remedies, as the heart and soul of the Constitution.
8. The writ of Habeas Corpus literally means:
A. We command
B. To have the body
C. By what authority
D. To prohibit
Answer: B. To have the body
Explanation: Habeas Corpus protects individuals against unlawful
detention.
9. Which writ is used to challenge illegal occupation of a public office?
A. Habeas Corpus
B. Mandamus
C. Quo Warranto
D. Certiorari
, Answer: C. Quo Warranto
Explanation: Quo Warranto asks by what authority a person holds a
public office.
10. The President of India is elected by:
A. Direct popular vote
B. Parliament alone
C. An electoral college
D. Supreme Court judges
Answer: C. An electoral college
Explanation: The President is elected indirectly by elected MPs and
elected MLAs of the states and certain Union Territories.
11. The constitutional head of the Union executive is:
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Home Minister
D. Chief Justice of India
Answer: B. President
Explanation: Article 52 provides for the office of the President of India.
12. The real executive authority at the Union level is exercised by:
A. President alone
B. Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
C. Parliament Secretariat
D. Supreme Court
