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Samenvatting Examenvoorbereiding Hematologie | Pulmonary & Hematology Problems | Universiteit Gent | 2026/27

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--Tabeloverzicht voor de lessen hematologie met verschillende specifieke en algemene symptomatologie, labodiagnostiek en klinisch onderzoek van de behandelde aandoeningen-- Study material for the course 'Problemen van longen, bloedvormende organen en nie' at Universiteit Gent, covering respiratory, hematological, and related organ system disorders. This document provides structured coverage of key pathologies, clinical presentations, and diagnostic approaches relevant to pulmonary and blood-forming organ diseases taught in the medical curriculum. Essential resource for exam preparation and mastering the interconnected concepts between these organ systems.

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Anemie Symptomen/kliniek/labo
Anemie (algemeen) -Moeheid, hoofdpijn, zwakte, kortademigheid, duizeligheid, oorsuizen, hartkloppingen, evt angor /
claudicatio
Ferriprieve anemie -Algemene klachten van anemie, Koilonychia, gladde tong, ragaden, angulaire stomatitis, broos haar,
glossitis, dysfagie, Plummer Vinson
Thalassemie -Wisselende graad van anemie, evt extramedullaire hematopoiese, hepatosplenomegalie, secundair
ijzeroverstapeling (hart, lever- en endocriene afwijkingen)
-Ernstige vormen: zware anemie, groeistoornissen, transfusienood
Sikkelcelanemie -Asymptomatisch tot hemolytische crisis: atypische buik- of lendenpijn met snel intredende anemie
symptomen
- Icterische sclerae, hand-voet syndroom op jonge leeftijd
-symptomen door infarcering: botpijn, pleura-thoraxpijn tot sickle chest syndroom, papilnecrose,
miltinfarcten, leverstreek pijnaanvallen, priapisme
-Langetermijn: infecties, chronische ulcera OL, galsteen, aseptische necrose been (hand-voetsyndroom),
blindheid, chronische nierinsufficientie

Hemolytische anemie -(meestal snel) optredende anemie symptomen, icterus, verkleurde urine (niet faeces), crisis van
lendenpijn of vage buikpijn, evt splenomegalie
Congenitale sferocytose -Icterus bij geboorte/kinderleeftijd, matige hemolytische crisis of vermoeidheidsepisode, splenomegalie
(Minkowski-Chauffard) (evt pijn), bilirubine galstenen
Immune hemolytische -Acuut/chronisch, wisselvallig, asymptomatisch-levensbedreigend
anemie

Pernicieuze anemie (anti- -Achloorhydrie, traag progressieve anemie, glossitis (aardbeitong), neurologische klachten (paresthesie,
parietaalcel antilichamen) vertraagde reflexen, ataxie, dementie, paralyse)
Foliumzuurtekort -Macrocytaire anemie ZONDER neuropathie, bijna nooit pancytopenie


Cytopenie Kliniek
Hypersplenisme -Splenomegalie, pancytopenie, normaal tot proliferatief beenmerg, verdwijnen cytopenie na splenectomie
Myelodysplasie -Toevalsvondst, kliniek van cytopenieen

Aplastische anemie -Sluipend begin, moeheid, dyspnoe bij inspanning, bloedingen mucosaal of purpura, infecties (door
leukopenie), (klieropzetting en splenomegalie zijn zeldzaam)
Agranulocytose -Verhoogde kans op koorts & infecties (100% op 3 weken), snelle evolutie naar sepsis, mucosale
ontstekingen (mond-keel, anaal, vaginaal)

Thrombopenie (algemeen) -Purpura, ecchymosen, hematomen
Immuunthrombocytopenisch -Huid- en mucosale bloedingen, zelden hersenbloedingen, zelden splenomegalie, spontane bloedingen
e purpura (ITP) zeldzaam, transplacentaire passage

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September 30, 2026
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