JB LEARNING: EMT MIDTERM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
VERIFIED 2026/2027
1. A 68-year-old male presents with sudden onset of tearing chest pain radiating to the back,
a blood pressure of 160/90 mmHg in the right arm and 130/70 mmHg in the left arm. Which
of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Aortic Dissection
B. Acute Myocardial Infarction
C. Pulmonary Embolism
D. Tension Pneumothorax
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The classic presentation of tearing chest pain radiating to the
back and a significant difference in blood pressure between arms strongly suggests an
aortic dissection.
2. When ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-valve mask, you notice the chest does not
rise adequately. Your first action should be to:
A. Reposition the head and ensure an adequate seal
B. Switch to a pocket mask
,C. Increase the force of ventilations
D. Insert a supraglottic airway device
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The most common cause of poor chest rise during BVM
ventilation is improper head positioning or an inadequate mask seal.
3. Which of the following findings is most indicative of decompensated shock in a trauma
patient?
A. Tachycardia
B. Delayed capillary refill
C. Narrowing pulse pressure
D. Falling blood pressure
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Falling blood pressure is a late sign of shock, indicating that the
body’s compensatory mechanisms are failing, signifying the transition to decompensated
shock.
4. A patient with a history of COPD is experiencing severe dyspnea. They are speaking in two-
word sentences and have a SpO2 of 84% on room air. The most appropriate initial oxygen
therapy is:
A. CPAP at 5-10 cm H2O
, B. Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
C. Nasal cannula at 2-6 L/min
D. BVM ventilation with 100% oxygen
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: CPAP is highly effective for patients with COPD exacerbations
who are conscious but in severe respiratory distress, as it helps keep alveoli open and
reduces the work of breathing.
5. In the setting of a suspected stroke, which of the following is the most critical piece of
information to obtain for the hospital?
A. The patient’s blood pressure
B. A full list of the patient’s medications
C. The exact time the patient was last seen normal
D. Family history of cardiovascular disease
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The ‘last seen normal’ time determines the patient’s eligibility
for fibrinolytic therapy or mechanical thrombectomy, which have strict time windows.
6. A 24-year-old female is found unconscious with pinpoint pupils and slow, shallow
respirations. Which medication should be prioritized?
A. Epinephrine
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
VERIFIED 2026/2027
1. A 68-year-old male presents with sudden onset of tearing chest pain radiating to the back,
a blood pressure of 160/90 mmHg in the right arm and 130/70 mmHg in the left arm. Which
of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Aortic Dissection
B. Acute Myocardial Infarction
C. Pulmonary Embolism
D. Tension Pneumothorax
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The classic presentation of tearing chest pain radiating to the
back and a significant difference in blood pressure between arms strongly suggests an
aortic dissection.
2. When ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-valve mask, you notice the chest does not
rise adequately. Your first action should be to:
A. Reposition the head and ensure an adequate seal
B. Switch to a pocket mask
,C. Increase the force of ventilations
D. Insert a supraglottic airway device
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The most common cause of poor chest rise during BVM
ventilation is improper head positioning or an inadequate mask seal.
3. Which of the following findings is most indicative of decompensated shock in a trauma
patient?
A. Tachycardia
B. Delayed capillary refill
C. Narrowing pulse pressure
D. Falling blood pressure
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Falling blood pressure is a late sign of shock, indicating that the
body’s compensatory mechanisms are failing, signifying the transition to decompensated
shock.
4. A patient with a history of COPD is experiencing severe dyspnea. They are speaking in two-
word sentences and have a SpO2 of 84% on room air. The most appropriate initial oxygen
therapy is:
A. CPAP at 5-10 cm H2O
, B. Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
C. Nasal cannula at 2-6 L/min
D. BVM ventilation with 100% oxygen
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: CPAP is highly effective for patients with COPD exacerbations
who are conscious but in severe respiratory distress, as it helps keep alveoli open and
reduces the work of breathing.
5. In the setting of a suspected stroke, which of the following is the most critical piece of
information to obtain for the hospital?
A. The patient’s blood pressure
B. A full list of the patient’s medications
C. The exact time the patient was last seen normal
D. Family history of cardiovascular disease
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The ‘last seen normal’ time determines the patient’s eligibility
for fibrinolytic therapy or mechanical thrombectomy, which have strict time windows.
6. A 24-year-old female is found unconscious with pinpoint pupils and slow, shallow
respirations. Which medication should be prioritized?
A. Epinephrine
