NAPLEX HIV Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: HIV viral characteristics
Answer: single-stranded RNA retrovirus that replicates in CD4 T cells
Question 2: AIDS
Answer: CD4 count <200 or AIDS-defining condition
Question 3: AIDS defining conditions
Answer: MAC, PJP, Cryptococcus, Histoplasmosis, severe Candida infection, Kaposi's sarcoma, HIV
wasting syndrome
Question 4: How is HIV transmitted?
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal/rectal secretions, breast milk
Question 5: HIV vertical transmission
Answer: mother to baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
Question 6: Who should be screened for HIV?
Answer: everyone at least once 13-64yo; high risk pts annually (IVDU, high-risk sexual behaviors,
hepatitis, TB)
Question 7: acute HIV infection
Answer: may have flu-like symptoms for days to weeks
Question 8: When can an HIV viral load be detected?
Answer: about 2 weeks after infection
Question 9: How is HIV tested for?
Answer: HIV RNA, HIV p24 antigens, or OraQuick, then confirmed with antibody differentiation
immunoassay (HIV-1 vs. HIV-2)
Question 10: How is HIV viral load quantified?
Answer: HIV-1 nucleic acid test
Page 1
, Question 11: OraQuick
Answer: OTC HIV antibody test; works e3mo after infection; must be confirmed if positive
Question 12: Stage 1 of HIV Replication
Answer: binds to CD4 and CCR5 receptors on CD4 T cells
Question 13: What ART prevent binding of HIV to CD4 cell?
Answer: maraviroc, fostemsavir, ibalizumab
Question 14: Stage 2 of HIV Replication
Answer: fusion with CD4 cell membrane and entry into host cell
Question 15: What ART prevents fusion of HIV with the CD4 cell membrane?
Answer: enfuvirtide
Question 16: Stage 3 of HIV Replication
Answer: reverse transcription of HIV RNA to DNA
Question 17: What ART prevents reverse transcription of HIV RNA to DNA?
Answer: NRTIs, NNRTIs
Question 18: Stage 4 of HIV Replication
Answer: integration of HIV DNA into host cell DNA
Question 19: What ART prevents integration of HIV DNA with host cell DNA?
Answer: INSTIs
Question 20: Stages 5 and 6 of HIV Replication
Answer: replication of virus; assembly of virus
Question 21: Stage 7 of HIV Replication
Answer: budding and maturation of HIV virus, released out of the cell and long strands cut by proteases
Page 2
Question 1: HIV viral characteristics
Answer: single-stranded RNA retrovirus that replicates in CD4 T cells
Question 2: AIDS
Answer: CD4 count <200 or AIDS-defining condition
Question 3: AIDS defining conditions
Answer: MAC, PJP, Cryptococcus, Histoplasmosis, severe Candida infection, Kaposi's sarcoma, HIV
wasting syndrome
Question 4: How is HIV transmitted?
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal/rectal secretions, breast milk
Question 5: HIV vertical transmission
Answer: mother to baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
Question 6: Who should be screened for HIV?
Answer: everyone at least once 13-64yo; high risk pts annually (IVDU, high-risk sexual behaviors,
hepatitis, TB)
Question 7: acute HIV infection
Answer: may have flu-like symptoms for days to weeks
Question 8: When can an HIV viral load be detected?
Answer: about 2 weeks after infection
Question 9: How is HIV tested for?
Answer: HIV RNA, HIV p24 antigens, or OraQuick, then confirmed with antibody differentiation
immunoassay (HIV-1 vs. HIV-2)
Question 10: How is HIV viral load quantified?
Answer: HIV-1 nucleic acid test
Page 1
, Question 11: OraQuick
Answer: OTC HIV antibody test; works e3mo after infection; must be confirmed if positive
Question 12: Stage 1 of HIV Replication
Answer: binds to CD4 and CCR5 receptors on CD4 T cells
Question 13: What ART prevent binding of HIV to CD4 cell?
Answer: maraviroc, fostemsavir, ibalizumab
Question 14: Stage 2 of HIV Replication
Answer: fusion with CD4 cell membrane and entry into host cell
Question 15: What ART prevents fusion of HIV with the CD4 cell membrane?
Answer: enfuvirtide
Question 16: Stage 3 of HIV Replication
Answer: reverse transcription of HIV RNA to DNA
Question 17: What ART prevents reverse transcription of HIV RNA to DNA?
Answer: NRTIs, NNRTIs
Question 18: Stage 4 of HIV Replication
Answer: integration of HIV DNA into host cell DNA
Question 19: What ART prevents integration of HIV DNA with host cell DNA?
Answer: INSTIs
Question 20: Stages 5 and 6 of HIV Replication
Answer: replication of virus; assembly of virus
Question 21: Stage 7 of HIV Replication
Answer: budding and maturation of HIV virus, released out of the cell and long strands cut by proteases
Page 2
