HESI Med Surg Exam Actual Exam 2026 || Most Recent Exam
2026|2027 Actual Complete Real Exam Questions And Correct
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The nurse assesses a patient with shortness of breath for evidence of
long-standing hypoxemia by inspecting:
A. Chest excursion
B. Spinal curvatures
C. The respiratory pattern
D. The fingernail and its base -ANSWER-D. The fingernail and its base
Clubbing, a sign of long-standing hypoxemia, is evidenced by an
increase in the angle between the base of the nail and the fingernail to
180 degrees or more, usually accompanied by an increase in the depth,
bulk, and sponginess of the end of the finger.
The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD and pneumonia who has an
order for arterial blood gases to be drawn. Which of the following is the
minimum length of time the nurse should plan to hold pressure on the
puncture site?
A. 2 minutes
B. 5 minutes
C. 10 minutes
D. 15 minutes -ANSWER-B. 5 minutes Following obtaining an arterial
blood gas, the nurse should hold pressure on the puncture site for 5
minutes by the clock to be sure that bleeding has stopped. An artery is
,an elastic vessel under higher pressure than veins, and significant blood
loss or hematoma formation could occur if the time is insufficient.
Which of the following conditions is manifested by unexplained
shortness of breath and a high mortality rate?
A. Bleeding ulcer
B. Transient ischemia
C. Pulmonary embolism
D. MI -ANSWER-C. Pulmonary embolism A high mortality rate is
associated with a pulmonary embolism. A pulmonary embolism is an
obstruction of the pulmonary artery caused by an embolus. It presents
with hypoxia, anxiety, restlessness, and shortness of breath. Bleeding
ulcers, MI, and transient ischemia are not associated with such a high
mortality rate.
A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min. While in the supine
position for a bath, the patient complains of shortness of breath. What
is the most appropriate first nursing action?
A. Increase the flow of oxygen.
B. Perform tracheal suctioning.
C. Report this to the physician.
D. Assist the patient to Fowler's position. -ANSWER-D. Assist the patient
to Fowler's position. Breathing is easier in Fowler's position because it
permits greater expansion of the chest cavity. If repositioning does not
improve the situation, then oxygenation and physician reporting might
be appropriate. The patient would not benefit from tracheal suctioning.
,To find the infection site associated with acute lymphangitis, the nurse
should look _____ to the inflammation.
A. distal
B. anterior
C. proximal
D. contralateral -ANSWER-A. distal The nurse should assess distal to
swelling to locate the initial site of infection. Examining proximal,
contralateral, or anterior to the inflammation does not describe
swelling associated with infection.
Which of the following instructions are most appropriate in the home
management of a patient who has undergone surgery for oral cancer?
A. "You should drink plenty of fluids and eat foods you enjoy."
B. "It is normal to have some leakage of saliva from the suture line."
C. "Lying in a prone position helps decrease swelling at the suture line."
D. "You should avoid foods high in protein while your suture line is
healing." -ANSWER-A. "You should drink plenty of fluids and eat foods
you enjoy." For patients who have undergone treatment for head and
neck cancers, maintaining adequate nutrition is a challenge. The nurse
encourages the patient to increase fluids to prevent dehydration and
liquefy secretions. These patients are more likely to eat foods that they
enjoy and can tolerate.
, Which of the following conditions or factors in a 64-year-old patient
diagnosed with head and neck cancer most likely contributed to this
health problem?
A. Patient's hobby is oil painting.
B. Patient's father also had head and neck cancer.
C. Patient uses chewing tobacco and drinks beer daily.
D. Patient quit school at age 16 and has worked in a butcher shop for
more than 40 years. -ANSWER-C. Patient uses chewing tobacco and
drinks beer daily. Many environmental risk factors contribute to the
development of head and neck cancer, although the actual cause is
unknown. There does not appear to be a genetic predisposition to this
type of cancer. The two most important risk factors are tobacco and
alcohol use, especially in combination. Other risk factors include
chewing tobacco, pipe smoking, marijuana use, voice abuse, chronic
laryngitis, exposure to industrial chemicals or hardwood dust, and poor
oral hygiene.
A patient's ABGs include a PaO2 of 88 mm Hg and a PaCO2 of 38 mm
Hg and mixed venous blood gases include a PvO2 of 40 mm Hg and
PvCO2 of 46 mm Hg. These findings indicate that the patient has
A. impaired cardiac output.
B. unstable hemodynamics.
C. inadequate delivery of oxygen to the tissues.
D. normal capillary oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. -ANSWER-D.
normal capillary oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. Normal venous
blood gas values reflect the normal uptake of oxygen from arterial
blood and the release of carbon dioxide from cells into the blood,
2026|2027 Actual Complete Real Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success!
Newest Exam | Just Released!!
The nurse assesses a patient with shortness of breath for evidence of
long-standing hypoxemia by inspecting:
A. Chest excursion
B. Spinal curvatures
C. The respiratory pattern
D. The fingernail and its base -ANSWER-D. The fingernail and its base
Clubbing, a sign of long-standing hypoxemia, is evidenced by an
increase in the angle between the base of the nail and the fingernail to
180 degrees or more, usually accompanied by an increase in the depth,
bulk, and sponginess of the end of the finger.
The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD and pneumonia who has an
order for arterial blood gases to be drawn. Which of the following is the
minimum length of time the nurse should plan to hold pressure on the
puncture site?
A. 2 minutes
B. 5 minutes
C. 10 minutes
D. 15 minutes -ANSWER-B. 5 minutes Following obtaining an arterial
blood gas, the nurse should hold pressure on the puncture site for 5
minutes by the clock to be sure that bleeding has stopped. An artery is
,an elastic vessel under higher pressure than veins, and significant blood
loss or hematoma formation could occur if the time is insufficient.
Which of the following conditions is manifested by unexplained
shortness of breath and a high mortality rate?
A. Bleeding ulcer
B. Transient ischemia
C. Pulmonary embolism
D. MI -ANSWER-C. Pulmonary embolism A high mortality rate is
associated with a pulmonary embolism. A pulmonary embolism is an
obstruction of the pulmonary artery caused by an embolus. It presents
with hypoxia, anxiety, restlessness, and shortness of breath. Bleeding
ulcers, MI, and transient ischemia are not associated with such a high
mortality rate.
A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min. While in the supine
position for a bath, the patient complains of shortness of breath. What
is the most appropriate first nursing action?
A. Increase the flow of oxygen.
B. Perform tracheal suctioning.
C. Report this to the physician.
D. Assist the patient to Fowler's position. -ANSWER-D. Assist the patient
to Fowler's position. Breathing is easier in Fowler's position because it
permits greater expansion of the chest cavity. If repositioning does not
improve the situation, then oxygenation and physician reporting might
be appropriate. The patient would not benefit from tracheal suctioning.
,To find the infection site associated with acute lymphangitis, the nurse
should look _____ to the inflammation.
A. distal
B. anterior
C. proximal
D. contralateral -ANSWER-A. distal The nurse should assess distal to
swelling to locate the initial site of infection. Examining proximal,
contralateral, or anterior to the inflammation does not describe
swelling associated with infection.
Which of the following instructions are most appropriate in the home
management of a patient who has undergone surgery for oral cancer?
A. "You should drink plenty of fluids and eat foods you enjoy."
B. "It is normal to have some leakage of saliva from the suture line."
C. "Lying in a prone position helps decrease swelling at the suture line."
D. "You should avoid foods high in protein while your suture line is
healing." -ANSWER-A. "You should drink plenty of fluids and eat foods
you enjoy." For patients who have undergone treatment for head and
neck cancers, maintaining adequate nutrition is a challenge. The nurse
encourages the patient to increase fluids to prevent dehydration and
liquefy secretions. These patients are more likely to eat foods that they
enjoy and can tolerate.
, Which of the following conditions or factors in a 64-year-old patient
diagnosed with head and neck cancer most likely contributed to this
health problem?
A. Patient's hobby is oil painting.
B. Patient's father also had head and neck cancer.
C. Patient uses chewing tobacco and drinks beer daily.
D. Patient quit school at age 16 and has worked in a butcher shop for
more than 40 years. -ANSWER-C. Patient uses chewing tobacco and
drinks beer daily. Many environmental risk factors contribute to the
development of head and neck cancer, although the actual cause is
unknown. There does not appear to be a genetic predisposition to this
type of cancer. The two most important risk factors are tobacco and
alcohol use, especially in combination. Other risk factors include
chewing tobacco, pipe smoking, marijuana use, voice abuse, chronic
laryngitis, exposure to industrial chemicals or hardwood dust, and poor
oral hygiene.
A patient's ABGs include a PaO2 of 88 mm Hg and a PaCO2 of 38 mm
Hg and mixed venous blood gases include a PvO2 of 40 mm Hg and
PvCO2 of 46 mm Hg. These findings indicate that the patient has
A. impaired cardiac output.
B. unstable hemodynamics.
C. inadequate delivery of oxygen to the tissues.
D. normal capillary oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. -ANSWER-D.
normal capillary oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. Normal venous
blood gas values reflect the normal uptake of oxygen from arterial
blood and the release of carbon dioxide from cells into the blood,
