MDC 1 EXAM 2: MULTIDIMENSIONAL
CARE I QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS |GRADE A+| JUST RELEASED
1. A patient presents with a pH of 7.28, PaCO2 of 50 mmHg, and HCO3 of 25 mEq/L. Which
acid-base imbalance does the nurse identify?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. A PaCO2 above 45 mmHg
indicates a respiratory cause. Since the HCO3 is within the normal range, this is
uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
2. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse prioritize in a patient with a potassium level
of 6.2 mEq/L?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Abdominal cramping
,C. Hyperactive bowel sounds
D. Tall, peaked T-waves on ECG
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0) can lead to life-threatening cardiac
dysrhythmias. Peaked T-waves are an early sign of cardiac toxicity.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who has just returned from surgery. The patient’s heart rate
increases to 110 bpm and they exhibit muscle rigidity. What is the immediate priority action?
A. Apply a cooling blanket
B. Administer IV Dantrolene
C. Obtain an arterial blood gas
D. Call the family to discuss history
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Muscle rigidity and tachycardia are early signs of Malignant
Hyperthermia, a life-threatening anesthesia complication. Dantrolene is the specific
antidote.
4. Which solution is considered isotonic and commonly used for fluid resuscitation?
A. 0.45% Sodium Chloride
B. 3% Sodium Chloride
C. 5% Dextrose in 0.45% Sodium Chloride
, D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) is an isotonic solution,
meaning its osmolarity is similar to plasma, making it ideal for volume expansion.
5. During a skin assessment, the nurse notes a pressure injury where the bone is visible. How
should this be staged?
A. Stage 2
B. Stage 4
C. Stage 3
D. Unstageable
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 4 pressure injuries involve full-thickness skin loss with
exposed muscle, tendon, or bone.
6. A patient with COPD is experiencing dyspnea. The nurse instructs the patient to use
pursed-lip breathing. What is the primary purpose of this technique?
A. To increase the rate of breathing
B. To prevent airway collapse by maintaining positive pressure
C. To strengthen the diaphragm
D. To increase the intake of oxygen
CARE I QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS |GRADE A+| JUST RELEASED
1. A patient presents with a pH of 7.28, PaCO2 of 50 mmHg, and HCO3 of 25 mEq/L. Which
acid-base imbalance does the nurse identify?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. A PaCO2 above 45 mmHg
indicates a respiratory cause. Since the HCO3 is within the normal range, this is
uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
2. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse prioritize in a patient with a potassium level
of 6.2 mEq/L?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Abdominal cramping
,C. Hyperactive bowel sounds
D. Tall, peaked T-waves on ECG
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0) can lead to life-threatening cardiac
dysrhythmias. Peaked T-waves are an early sign of cardiac toxicity.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who has just returned from surgery. The patient’s heart rate
increases to 110 bpm and they exhibit muscle rigidity. What is the immediate priority action?
A. Apply a cooling blanket
B. Administer IV Dantrolene
C. Obtain an arterial blood gas
D. Call the family to discuss history
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Muscle rigidity and tachycardia are early signs of Malignant
Hyperthermia, a life-threatening anesthesia complication. Dantrolene is the specific
antidote.
4. Which solution is considered isotonic and commonly used for fluid resuscitation?
A. 0.45% Sodium Chloride
B. 3% Sodium Chloride
C. 5% Dextrose in 0.45% Sodium Chloride
, D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) is an isotonic solution,
meaning its osmolarity is similar to plasma, making it ideal for volume expansion.
5. During a skin assessment, the nurse notes a pressure injury where the bone is visible. How
should this be staged?
A. Stage 2
B. Stage 4
C. Stage 3
D. Unstageable
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 4 pressure injuries involve full-thickness skin loss with
exposed muscle, tendon, or bone.
6. A patient with COPD is experiencing dyspnea. The nurse instructs the patient to use
pursed-lip breathing. What is the primary purpose of this technique?
A. To increase the rate of breathing
B. To prevent airway collapse by maintaining positive pressure
C. To strengthen the diaphragm
D. To increase the intake of oxygen
