BIOS 256 COMPREHENSIVE ANATOMY
& PHYSIOLOGY IV FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
|GRADE A+| CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE
OF NURSING
1. Which cells in the testes are responsible for producing testosterone in response to
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?
A. Sertoli cells
B. Leydig cells
C. Spermatogonia
D. Basal cells
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells, produce
testosterone when stimulated by LH from the anterior pituitary.
2. During oogenesis, at which stage is the primary oocyte arrested from birth until puberty?
A. Metaphase II
,B. Anaphase I
C. Telophase II
D. Prophase I
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Primary oocytes begin meiosis I during fetal development but
remain arrested in Prophase I until puberty.
3. A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.28, a PCO2 of 55 mmHg, and a normal HCO3-.
Which acid-base imbalance is occurring?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Metabolic Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Acidosis
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis, and a PCO2 above 45 mmHg
indicates a respiratory cause for that acidosis.
4. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the ‘milk let-down’ reflex during
breastfeeding?
A. Prolactin
B. Oxytocin
, C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Oxytocin stimulates the contraction of myoepithelial cells in the
mammary glands, whereas Prolactin stimulates milk production.
5. Which of the following embryonic germ layers gives rise to the nervous system and the
epidermis?
A. Endoderm
B. Mesoderm
C. Ectoderm
D. Trophoblast
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The ectoderm is the outermost germ layer and differentiates
into the skin (epidermis) and the nervous system.
6. In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), what is the direct effect of
Aldosterone on the kidneys?
A. Decreased water reabsorption
B. Increased potassium reabsorption
C. Decreased sodium reabsorption
& PHYSIOLOGY IV FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
|GRADE A+| CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE
OF NURSING
1. Which cells in the testes are responsible for producing testosterone in response to
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?
A. Sertoli cells
B. Leydig cells
C. Spermatogonia
D. Basal cells
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells, produce
testosterone when stimulated by LH from the anterior pituitary.
2. During oogenesis, at which stage is the primary oocyte arrested from birth until puberty?
A. Metaphase II
,B. Anaphase I
C. Telophase II
D. Prophase I
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Primary oocytes begin meiosis I during fetal development but
remain arrested in Prophase I until puberty.
3. A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.28, a PCO2 of 55 mmHg, and a normal HCO3-.
Which acid-base imbalance is occurring?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Metabolic Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Acidosis
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis, and a PCO2 above 45 mmHg
indicates a respiratory cause for that acidosis.
4. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the ‘milk let-down’ reflex during
breastfeeding?
A. Prolactin
B. Oxytocin
, C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Oxytocin stimulates the contraction of myoepithelial cells in the
mammary glands, whereas Prolactin stimulates milk production.
5. Which of the following embryonic germ layers gives rise to the nervous system and the
epidermis?
A. Endoderm
B. Mesoderm
C. Ectoderm
D. Trophoblast
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The ectoderm is the outermost germ layer and differentiates
into the skin (epidermis) and the nervous system.
6. In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), what is the direct effect of
Aldosterone on the kidneys?
A. Decreased water reabsorption
B. Increased potassium reabsorption
C. Decreased sodium reabsorption
