Study Guide NSG 550
Quiz 2
Topics: Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, GI/Hepatobiliary
The test is inclusive of key points as noted in each module, assigned readings, support
materials/web sites, discussion, and lecture. Focus your study from the textbook readings on
normal findings, indications, test explanation, test results, and clinical significance.
Areas to focus include:
1. Studies done on sputum, TB testing and indications – Common Primary Care pulmonary
diagnostic testing:
a. What is AFB used for? What kind of test is it and where is it run?
Micro tests – AFB COVID sputum culture and sensitivity –
What is COVID and flu? PCR Test
What are examples of nuclear medicine tests? VQ scan (done when
someone cannot have a CTA done – contrast allergy/pregnancy) PET scan
(lung scan) (look for glucose uptake – tumors)
Why pleural tap (thoracentesis) – indications? What is sent? What kind of
analysis is it? Can be both diagnostic and therapeutic. Can drain off fluid
and send for cytology and culture. Can also be therapeutic to take fluid off
for respiratory issues.
Lights criteria for transudative and exudative. Transudative: imbalance of
pressure in blood vessels causes fluid to leak into pleural space – heart
failure/cirrhosis. Exudative: injury of inflammation of the pleura causing
fluid to leak – pneumonia/cancer/kidney disease/autoimmune disease
What information is included in an ABG? When is it indicated? pH, CO2,
PO2, HCO3, indicated in inpatient setting, respiratory distress, concerned
about hypercarbia
When would you order PFT? Diagnosis COPD, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis –
gives good information on restrictive vs obstructive lung disease – risk
stratification.
How is a PFT performed? Always before and after bronchodilator to check
response to therapy
Polysomnography – to diagnose? Sleep apnea
TB skin test – looks at exposure
Sensitivity 59-100
Specificity 95-100
Rules out TB but can’t rule in
CTA chest can look for? PE or aneurysm – timing of the bolus is different
for each one, if concerned for PE, must do PE protocol. Aneurysm, then
Aneurysm protocol.
What are risk factors for each?
Aneurysm – age, smoking, HTN, family history, bicuspid aortic valve,
previous cardiac surgery
PE – exogenous estrogen, history of blood clots, cancer, recent
surgery/immobilization
D-dimer – protein that is made when a blood clot dissolves – (used to be
called fibrin degradation products). NOT SPECIFIC –
Specificity 61-64%
Quiz 2
Topics: Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, GI/Hepatobiliary
The test is inclusive of key points as noted in each module, assigned readings, support
materials/web sites, discussion, and lecture. Focus your study from the textbook readings on
normal findings, indications, test explanation, test results, and clinical significance.
Areas to focus include:
1. Studies done on sputum, TB testing and indications – Common Primary Care pulmonary
diagnostic testing:
a. What is AFB used for? What kind of test is it and where is it run?
Micro tests – AFB COVID sputum culture and sensitivity –
What is COVID and flu? PCR Test
What are examples of nuclear medicine tests? VQ scan (done when
someone cannot have a CTA done – contrast allergy/pregnancy) PET scan
(lung scan) (look for glucose uptake – tumors)
Why pleural tap (thoracentesis) – indications? What is sent? What kind of
analysis is it? Can be both diagnostic and therapeutic. Can drain off fluid
and send for cytology and culture. Can also be therapeutic to take fluid off
for respiratory issues.
Lights criteria for transudative and exudative. Transudative: imbalance of
pressure in blood vessels causes fluid to leak into pleural space – heart
failure/cirrhosis. Exudative: injury of inflammation of the pleura causing
fluid to leak – pneumonia/cancer/kidney disease/autoimmune disease
What information is included in an ABG? When is it indicated? pH, CO2,
PO2, HCO3, indicated in inpatient setting, respiratory distress, concerned
about hypercarbia
When would you order PFT? Diagnosis COPD, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis –
gives good information on restrictive vs obstructive lung disease – risk
stratification.
How is a PFT performed? Always before and after bronchodilator to check
response to therapy
Polysomnography – to diagnose? Sleep apnea
TB skin test – looks at exposure
Sensitivity 59-100
Specificity 95-100
Rules out TB but can’t rule in
CTA chest can look for? PE or aneurysm – timing of the bolus is different
for each one, if concerned for PE, must do PE protocol. Aneurysm, then
Aneurysm protocol.
What are risk factors for each?
Aneurysm – age, smoking, HTN, family history, bicuspid aortic valve,
previous cardiac surgery
PE – exogenous estrogen, history of blood clots, cancer, recent
surgery/immobilization
D-dimer – protein that is made when a blood clot dissolves – (used to be
called fibrin degradation products). NOT SPECIFIC –
Specificity 61-64%
