Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition — John E. Hall and Michael E. Hall, Elsevier, 2021 — Test Bank Covering All Chapters

TEST BANK FOR GUYTON AND HALL TEXTBOOK
OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 14TH EDITION BY
JOHN HALL AND MICHAEL E. HALL :ISBN-10;
0323597122 / ISBN-13; 978-0323597128 ALL
CHAPTER COVERED


# TEST BANK FOR GUYTON AND HALL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 14TH EDITION



## Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the "Internal Environment"



1. The most abundant type of cell in the human body is which of the following?

A. Neuron

B. Epithelial cell

C. Red blood cell

D. White blood cell

E. Vascular smooth muscle cell

F. Skeletal muscle cell

ANS: C



2. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that substance
in the body is which of the following?

A. Protein, 30%

B. Protein, 60%

C. Water, 30%

D. Water, 60%

E. Carbohydrate, 30%

,F. Carbohydrate, 60%

ANS: D



3. A large volume of blood is transfused to a person whose baroreceptor blood pressure control system
is not functioning and arterial blood pressure rises from the normal level of 100 to 160 mmHg. If the
same volume of blood is infused into the same person when the baroreceptor system is functioning and
this time the arterial pressure increases from the normal level from 100 mmHg up to 120 mmHg,
calculate the gain of the baroreceptor system in this person.

A. -3

B. -2

C. -1

D. 0

ANS: (not provided in text)



4. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
concentration ratio for most mammalian cells?

A. Sodium ions

B. Potassium ions

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Glucose

E. Protein

ANS: A



5. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs mainly in
which of the following?

A. Arteries

B. Arterioles

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

E. Veins

ANS: C

,6. Which of the following is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?

A. Less than 50 angstroms

B. Less than 50 microns

C. Less than 50 millimeters

D. Less than 100 angstroms

E. Less than 100 microns

F. Less than 100 millimeters

ANS: A



7. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to traverse the
entire circulatory circuit?

A. 1 second

B. 1 minute

C. 3 minutes

D. 4 minutes

E. 5 minutes

ANS: B



8. __________ feedback is often referred to as a "vicious cycle" because it leads to instability and
sometimes death.

A. Positive, progressive

B. Positive, diminished

C. Negative, progressive

D. Negative, diminished

E. Adaptive, progressive

ANS: A



9. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the body?

, A. Clotting of blood

B. Return of blood pressure toward normal after a hemorrhage

C. Increased respiration rate caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood

D. Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity that occurs in response to increased blood pressure

ANS: A



## Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions



Refer to the following list to answer questions 1-3:

A. Nucleolus

B. Nucleus

C. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum

D. Granular endoplasmic reticulum

E. Golgi apparatus

F. Endosomes

G. Peroxisomes

H. Lysosomes

I. Cytosol



Identify the cellular location for each of the following steps involved in the synthesis and packaging of a
secreted protein.



1. Initiation of translation.

ANS: I



2. Protein sorting and packaging.

ANS: E



3. Gene transcription.