NURS 310 HESI REVIEW EXAM 2026/2027 | COMPREHENSIVE NURSING QUESTIONS & …
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NURS 310 HESI Review
Exam 2026/2027 |
Comprehensive Nursing
Questions & Answers |
Latest Edition (Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales 50 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document provides 50 comprehensive nursing questions with pre-filled correct
answers and detailed rationales, covering a broad spectrum of nursing knowledge. It is an
essential resource for in-depth study, thorough review, and targeted certification
preparation in nursing.
TOPICS
Assessment & Diagnostics Q1–Q8
Nutrition & Diet Q9–Q12
Pharmacology & Medication Q13–Q18
Patient Care & Safety Q19–Q40
Health Maintenance & Education Q41–Q49
Renal & Fluid Balance Q50–Q50
Page 1
, E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 50
A 75-year-old client who has a history of end stage renal failure and advanced lung cancer,
recently had a stroke. Two days ago the healthcare provider discontinued the client's
dialysis treatments, stating that death is inevitable, but the client is disoriented and will not
sign a DNR directive. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Review the client's most recent laboratory reports.
Refer the client and family members for hospice care.
Notify the hospital ethics committee of the client situation.
Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
RESPONSE
Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
RATIONALE
When a client lacks decision-making capacity due to disorientation, establishing legal authority for
healthcare decisions is paramount. This ensures that interventions align with the client's presumed
wishes or best interests, especially in end-of-life situations where directives are unclear.
Identifying the surrogate decision-maker is the immediate priority before other interventions can
be ethically or legally implemented.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 50
A client provides the nurse with information about the reason for seeking care. The nurse
realizes that some information about past hospitalizations is missing. How should the nurse
obtain this information?
Solicit information on hospitalization from the insurance company.
Look up previous medical records from archived hospital documents.
Ask the client to discuss previous hospitalizations in the last 5 years.
Elicit specific facts about past hospitalizations with direct questions.
Page 2
, RESPONSE
Elicit specific facts about past hospitalizations with direct questions.
Direct questions should be used after the client's opening narrative to fill in any details that
have been left out or during the review of systems to elicit specific facts about past health
problems.
RATIONALE
When a client's initial narrative about their health concerns is incomplete, the nurse should employ
direct, focused questioning to elicit missing details. This approach is crucial for a health
assessment, ensuring all relevant past hospitalizations are identified and understood to inform care
planning. Such targeted inquiry aids in gathering precise data that may not emerge spontaneously.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 50
The nurse is preparing a male client who has an indwelling catheter and an IV infusion to
ambulate from the bed to a chair for the first time following abdominal surgery. What
action(s) should the nurse implement prior to assisting the client to the chair? (Select all
that apply.)
Pre-medicate the client with an analgesic.
Inform the client of the plan for moving to the chair.
Obtain and place a portable commode by the bed.
Ask the client to push the IV pole to the chair.
Clamp the indwelling catheter.
RESPONSE
Assess the client's blood pressure.
Rationale
The nurse should plan to implement (A, B, D, and F). Pre-medicating the client with an analgesic
(A) reduces the client's pain during mobilization and maximizes compliance. To ensure the
client's cooperation and promote independence, the nurse should inform the client about the
plan for moving to the chair (B) and encourage the client to participate by pushing the IV pole
when walking to the chair (D). The nurse should assess the client's blood pressure (F) prior to
mobilization, which can cause orthostatic hypotension. (C and E) are not indicated.
Page 3
, Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 50
While the nurse is administering a bolus feeding to a client via nasogastric tube, the client
begins to vomit. What action should the nurse implement first?
Discontinue the administration of the bolus feeding.
Auscultate the client's breath sounds bilaterally.
Elevate the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position.
Administer a PRN dose of a prescribed antiemetic.
RESPONSE
Discontinue the administration of the bolus feeding.
RATIONALE
Vomiting during enteral feeding significantly increases the risk of aspiration. The immediate
priority is to prevent further instillation of formula into the gastrointestinal tract, which could then
be aspirated. Therefore, halting the feeding is the first protective action.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 50
A male client with venous incompetence stands up and his blood pressure subsequently
drops. Which finding should the nurse identify as a compensatory response?
Bradycardia.
Increase in pulse rate.
Peripheral vasodilation.
Increase in cardiac output.
RESPONSE
Increase in pulse rate.
Page 4
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NURS 310 HESI Review
Exam 2026/2027 |
Comprehensive Nursing
Questions & Answers |
Latest Edition (Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales 50 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document provides 50 comprehensive nursing questions with pre-filled correct
answers and detailed rationales, covering a broad spectrum of nursing knowledge. It is an
essential resource for in-depth study, thorough review, and targeted certification
preparation in nursing.
TOPICS
Assessment & Diagnostics Q1–Q8
Nutrition & Diet Q9–Q12
Pharmacology & Medication Q13–Q18
Patient Care & Safety Q19–Q40
Health Maintenance & Education Q41–Q49
Renal & Fluid Balance Q50–Q50
Page 1
, E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 50
A 75-year-old client who has a history of end stage renal failure and advanced lung cancer,
recently had a stroke. Two days ago the healthcare provider discontinued the client's
dialysis treatments, stating that death is inevitable, but the client is disoriented and will not
sign a DNR directive. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Review the client's most recent laboratory reports.
Refer the client and family members for hospice care.
Notify the hospital ethics committee of the client situation.
Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
RESPONSE
Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
RATIONALE
When a client lacks decision-making capacity due to disorientation, establishing legal authority for
healthcare decisions is paramount. This ensures that interventions align with the client's presumed
wishes or best interests, especially in end-of-life situations where directives are unclear.
Identifying the surrogate decision-maker is the immediate priority before other interventions can
be ethically or legally implemented.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 50
A client provides the nurse with information about the reason for seeking care. The nurse
realizes that some information about past hospitalizations is missing. How should the nurse
obtain this information?
Solicit information on hospitalization from the insurance company.
Look up previous medical records from archived hospital documents.
Ask the client to discuss previous hospitalizations in the last 5 years.
Elicit specific facts about past hospitalizations with direct questions.
Page 2
, RESPONSE
Elicit specific facts about past hospitalizations with direct questions.
Direct questions should be used after the client's opening narrative to fill in any details that
have been left out or during the review of systems to elicit specific facts about past health
problems.
RATIONALE
When a client's initial narrative about their health concerns is incomplete, the nurse should employ
direct, focused questioning to elicit missing details. This approach is crucial for a health
assessment, ensuring all relevant past hospitalizations are identified and understood to inform care
planning. Such targeted inquiry aids in gathering precise data that may not emerge spontaneously.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 50
The nurse is preparing a male client who has an indwelling catheter and an IV infusion to
ambulate from the bed to a chair for the first time following abdominal surgery. What
action(s) should the nurse implement prior to assisting the client to the chair? (Select all
that apply.)
Pre-medicate the client with an analgesic.
Inform the client of the plan for moving to the chair.
Obtain and place a portable commode by the bed.
Ask the client to push the IV pole to the chair.
Clamp the indwelling catheter.
RESPONSE
Assess the client's blood pressure.
Rationale
The nurse should plan to implement (A, B, D, and F). Pre-medicating the client with an analgesic
(A) reduces the client's pain during mobilization and maximizes compliance. To ensure the
client's cooperation and promote independence, the nurse should inform the client about the
plan for moving to the chair (B) and encourage the client to participate by pushing the IV pole
when walking to the chair (D). The nurse should assess the client's blood pressure (F) prior to
mobilization, which can cause orthostatic hypotension. (C and E) are not indicated.
Page 3
, Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 50
While the nurse is administering a bolus feeding to a client via nasogastric tube, the client
begins to vomit. What action should the nurse implement first?
Discontinue the administration of the bolus feeding.
Auscultate the client's breath sounds bilaterally.
Elevate the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position.
Administer a PRN dose of a prescribed antiemetic.
RESPONSE
Discontinue the administration of the bolus feeding.
RATIONALE
Vomiting during enteral feeding significantly increases the risk of aspiration. The immediate
priority is to prevent further instillation of formula into the gastrointestinal tract, which could then
be aspirated. Therefore, halting the feeding is the first protective action.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 50
A male client with venous incompetence stands up and his blood pressure subsequently
drops. Which finding should the nurse identify as a compensatory response?
Bradycardia.
Increase in pulse rate.
Peripheral vasodilation.
Increase in cardiac output.
RESPONSE
Increase in pulse rate.
Page 4
