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FALL HARVEST OF KNOWLEDGE:
ANNUAL SCIENCE EXAMINATION
2026/2027 QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS & COMPLETE
RATIONALES
## SECTION 1: BIOLOGY — LIFE SCIENCES & THE
HARVEST
**1. Which of the following is the primary pigment responsible
for the green color of leaves during spring and summer?**
A. Carotene
B. Chlorophyll
C. Anthocyanin
D. Xanthophyll
**Correct answer:** Chlorophyll
**Rationale:** Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts
that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. During autumn,
chlorophyll breaks down, revealing carotenes (orange/yellow)
and anthocyanins (red/purple), which produce fall colors.
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---
**2. What is the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?**
A. To absorb water from the soil
B. To convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose)
C. To release carbon dioxide
D. To produce oxygen only
**Correct answer:** To convert light energy into chemical
energy (glucose)
**Rationale:** Photosynthesis converts light energy, carbon
dioxide, and water into glucose (chemical energy) and oxygen.
The equation is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
---
**3. During autumn, why do deciduous trees lose their
leaves?**
A. To conserve water and energy during winter
B. Because they are dying
C. To grow new leaves immediately
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D. Because of increased photosynthesis
**Correct answer:** To conserve water and energy during
winter
**Rationale:** Deciduous trees shed leaves in autumn to
conserve water and energy during winter when sunlight is
limited and water may be frozen. This is an adaptation for
survival, not death.
---
**4. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for
absorbing water and nutrients from the soil?**
A. Leaves
B. Stem
C. Roots
D. Flowers
**Correct answer:** Roots
**Rationale:** Roots absorb water and dissolved minerals from
the soil through root hairs. They also anchor the plant and store
food. Leaves perform photosynthesis. Stems transport
materials. Flowers are for reproduction.
FALL HARVEST OF KNOWLEDGE:
ANNUAL SCIENCE EXAMINATION
2026/2027 QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS & COMPLETE
RATIONALES
## SECTION 1: BIOLOGY — LIFE SCIENCES & THE
HARVEST
**1. Which of the following is the primary pigment responsible
for the green color of leaves during spring and summer?**
A. Carotene
B. Chlorophyll
C. Anthocyanin
D. Xanthophyll
**Correct answer:** Chlorophyll
**Rationale:** Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts
that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. During autumn,
chlorophyll breaks down, revealing carotenes (orange/yellow)
and anthocyanins (red/purple), which produce fall colors.
,2 | Page
---
**2. What is the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?**
A. To absorb water from the soil
B. To convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose)
C. To release carbon dioxide
D. To produce oxygen only
**Correct answer:** To convert light energy into chemical
energy (glucose)
**Rationale:** Photosynthesis converts light energy, carbon
dioxide, and water into glucose (chemical energy) and oxygen.
The equation is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
---
**3. During autumn, why do deciduous trees lose their
leaves?**
A. To conserve water and energy during winter
B. Because they are dying
C. To grow new leaves immediately
, 3 | Page
D. Because of increased photosynthesis
**Correct answer:** To conserve water and energy during
winter
**Rationale:** Deciduous trees shed leaves in autumn to
conserve water and energy during winter when sunlight is
limited and water may be frozen. This is an adaptation for
survival, not death.
---
**4. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for
absorbing water and nutrients from the soil?**
A. Leaves
B. Stem
C. Roots
D. Flowers
**Correct answer:** Roots
**Rationale:** Roots absorb water and dissolved minerals from
the soil through root hairs. They also anchor the plant and store
food. Leaves perform photosynthesis. Stems transport
materials. Flowers are for reproduction.
