WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM | NEWEST
VERSION | UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
• Describe how your body responds to an infection. -✓✓ANSWER: T cells produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
• Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. -✓✓ANSWER:
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
• How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? -✓✓ANSWER:
Alterations of DNA
• Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect
wellbeing. -✓✓ANSWER: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or
dysrhythmias.
• Explain RAAS -✓✓ANSWER: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
• DKA -✓✓ANSWER: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
• How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis -✓✓ANSWER: retain H and excrete
HCO3
,• Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -✓✓ANSWER:
Potassium
• West Nile Virus -✓✓ANSWER: Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
• Lyme disease -✓✓ANSWER: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete
Borrelia burgdorferi.
• Erythema infectiosum -✓✓ANSWER: a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
• Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. -✓✓ANSWER:
Spina bifida
• Trousseau's sign -✓✓ANSWER: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
• Cause and sign of spina bifida -✓✓ANSWER: results from failure of neural tube
to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
• hemophilia is more common in -✓✓ANSWER: males
• Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes -✓✓ANSWER: ND-PAE, decreased brain
function, FAS
, • Connective vs muscle tissue disorders -✓✓ANSWER: Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
• Describe Lupus -✓✓ANSWER: Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain
and butterfly rash
• Describe Myasthenia Gravis -✓✓ANSWER: It is an autoimmune disorder where
antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles
over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
• dermatitis -✓✓ANSWER: inflammation of the skin
• eczema -✓✓ANSWER: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized
by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
• decubitus ulcer -✓✓ANSWER: sore caused by lying down for long periods of
time
• Fungal infections -✓✓ANSWER: superficial, localized skin conditions or deep
tissue infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
• benign neoplasm -✓✓ANSWER: noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct
borders
VERSION | UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
• Describe how your body responds to an infection. -✓✓ANSWER: T cells produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
• Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. -✓✓ANSWER:
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
• How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? -✓✓ANSWER:
Alterations of DNA
• Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect
wellbeing. -✓✓ANSWER: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or
dysrhythmias.
• Explain RAAS -✓✓ANSWER: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
• DKA -✓✓ANSWER: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
• How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis -✓✓ANSWER: retain H and excrete
HCO3
,• Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -✓✓ANSWER:
Potassium
• West Nile Virus -✓✓ANSWER: Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
• Lyme disease -✓✓ANSWER: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete
Borrelia burgdorferi.
• Erythema infectiosum -✓✓ANSWER: a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
• Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. -✓✓ANSWER:
Spina bifida
• Trousseau's sign -✓✓ANSWER: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
• Cause and sign of spina bifida -✓✓ANSWER: results from failure of neural tube
to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
• hemophilia is more common in -✓✓ANSWER: males
• Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes -✓✓ANSWER: ND-PAE, decreased brain
function, FAS
, • Connective vs muscle tissue disorders -✓✓ANSWER: Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
• Describe Lupus -✓✓ANSWER: Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain
and butterfly rash
• Describe Myasthenia Gravis -✓✓ANSWER: It is an autoimmune disorder where
antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles
over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
• dermatitis -✓✓ANSWER: inflammation of the skin
• eczema -✓✓ANSWER: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized
by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
• decubitus ulcer -✓✓ANSWER: sore caused by lying down for long periods of
time
• Fungal infections -✓✓ANSWER: superficial, localized skin conditions or deep
tissue infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
• benign neoplasm -✓✓ANSWER: noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct
borders
