PEDIATRIC NURSING EXAM 1 (NUR
230): COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT
OF GASTROINTESTINAL,
GENITOURINARY, RESPIRATORY,
CARDIAC, AND DEVELOPMENTAL
CONCEPTS IN PEDIATRIC CARE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
Core Domains
• Growth and Developmental Milestones
• Gastrointestinal Disorders and Fluid Balance
• Genitourinary Disorders and Renal Function
• Respiratory Disorders and Airway Management
• Cardiovascular Disorders and Congenital Heart Defects
• Pediatric Pharmacology and Medication Safety
• Pain Assessment and Management
• Family-Centered Care and Patient Education
Introduction
,The NUR 230 Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 assesses foundational
knowledge and clinical judgment required for safe, effective
nursing care of infants, children, and adolescents. The
examination evaluates developmental milestones, gastrointestinal
and genitourinary conditions, respiratory emergencies, congenital
cardiac defects, and medication administration principles.
Questions incorporate multiple-choice and scenario-based formats
emphasizing real-world application, prioritization, and family-
centered decision-making. Candidates must demonstrate
competency in growth and development theory,
pathophysiological mechanisms, assessment techniques, and
evidence-based nursing interventions. The assessment
underscores critical thinking, safety, and ethical considerations in
pediatric practice.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A nurse is assessing a 2-month-old infant at a well-child
visit. Which finding indicates normal development for this
age?
A. Rolls from back to front
B. Holds head up 45 degrees when prone
C. Sits with minimal support
D. Follows objects past the midline
B. Holds head up 45 degrees when prone
RATIONALE: By 2 months of age, infants can lift their head
approximately 45 degrees when in the prone position. Rolling
from back to front typically occurs around 4–6 months, sitting
with support occurs around 4–5 months, and following objects
past the midline is expected by 3 months .
,2. The mother of a child who is 2 years 6 months old has
arranged a play date. During the play date, the two
mothers should expect that the children will do which of
the following?
A. Play with one another with little or no conflict
B. Share and trade their toys while playing
C. Play alongside one another but not actively with one another
D. Only play with one or two items, ignoring most of the other
toys
C. Play alongside one another but not actively with one
another
RATIONALE: Toddlers engage in parallel play—playing
independently but next to other children. This is the expected
play pattern for children 1–3 years of age. Cooperative play with
sharing and trading is not typically seen until the preschool years
.
3. According to Piaget, what cognitive characteristic is
expected in a 4-year-old child?
A. Abstract thinking
B. Egocentrism
C. Logical reasoning
D. Cause-and-effect understanding
B. Egocentrism
RATIONALE: Children aged 2–7 years are in the preoperational
stage of cognitive development and are egocentric, meaning they
see the world only from their own perspective. Abstract thinking
and logical reasoning develop during the formal operational stage
(age 11+), and cause-and-effect understanding develops during
the concrete operational stage (age 7–11) .
, 4. A toddler is hospitalized with burns. Based on Erikson's
theory, what should the nurse focus on during care?
A. Building trust
B. Promoting autonomy
C. Encouraging industry
D. Supporting identity
B. Promoting autonomy
RATIONALE: Toddlers (ages 1–3 years) are in Erikson's
autonomy versus shame and doubt stage. Encouraging
independence through choices and self-care activities supports
healthy psychosocial development. Trust is the focus of infancy
(0–1 year), industry is the focus of school-age children (6–12
years), and identity is the focus of adolescence (12–18 years) .
5. Which child is at greatest risk for aspiration?
A. 4-year-old with ADHD
B. 9-month-old crawling infant
C. 2-year-old with autism
D. Newborn in the NICU
B. 9-month-old crawling infant
RATIONALE: Crawling infants explore their environment by
putting objects in their mouths, significantly increasing the risk of
aspiration .
6. A nurse is assessing a 6-year-old post-operative child.
Which tool is most appropriate for pain assessment?
A. FLACC scale
B. Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R)
C. CRIES scale
D. NIPS scale
230): COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT
OF GASTROINTESTINAL,
GENITOURINARY, RESPIRATORY,
CARDIAC, AND DEVELOPMENTAL
CONCEPTS IN PEDIATRIC CARE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
Core Domains
• Growth and Developmental Milestones
• Gastrointestinal Disorders and Fluid Balance
• Genitourinary Disorders and Renal Function
• Respiratory Disorders and Airway Management
• Cardiovascular Disorders and Congenital Heart Defects
• Pediatric Pharmacology and Medication Safety
• Pain Assessment and Management
• Family-Centered Care and Patient Education
Introduction
,The NUR 230 Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 assesses foundational
knowledge and clinical judgment required for safe, effective
nursing care of infants, children, and adolescents. The
examination evaluates developmental milestones, gastrointestinal
and genitourinary conditions, respiratory emergencies, congenital
cardiac defects, and medication administration principles.
Questions incorporate multiple-choice and scenario-based formats
emphasizing real-world application, prioritization, and family-
centered decision-making. Candidates must demonstrate
competency in growth and development theory,
pathophysiological mechanisms, assessment techniques, and
evidence-based nursing interventions. The assessment
underscores critical thinking, safety, and ethical considerations in
pediatric practice.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A nurse is assessing a 2-month-old infant at a well-child
visit. Which finding indicates normal development for this
age?
A. Rolls from back to front
B. Holds head up 45 degrees when prone
C. Sits with minimal support
D. Follows objects past the midline
B. Holds head up 45 degrees when prone
RATIONALE: By 2 months of age, infants can lift their head
approximately 45 degrees when in the prone position. Rolling
from back to front typically occurs around 4–6 months, sitting
with support occurs around 4–5 months, and following objects
past the midline is expected by 3 months .
,2. The mother of a child who is 2 years 6 months old has
arranged a play date. During the play date, the two
mothers should expect that the children will do which of
the following?
A. Play with one another with little or no conflict
B. Share and trade their toys while playing
C. Play alongside one another but not actively with one another
D. Only play with one or two items, ignoring most of the other
toys
C. Play alongside one another but not actively with one
another
RATIONALE: Toddlers engage in parallel play—playing
independently but next to other children. This is the expected
play pattern for children 1–3 years of age. Cooperative play with
sharing and trading is not typically seen until the preschool years
.
3. According to Piaget, what cognitive characteristic is
expected in a 4-year-old child?
A. Abstract thinking
B. Egocentrism
C. Logical reasoning
D. Cause-and-effect understanding
B. Egocentrism
RATIONALE: Children aged 2–7 years are in the preoperational
stage of cognitive development and are egocentric, meaning they
see the world only from their own perspective. Abstract thinking
and logical reasoning develop during the formal operational stage
(age 11+), and cause-and-effect understanding develops during
the concrete operational stage (age 7–11) .
, 4. A toddler is hospitalized with burns. Based on Erikson's
theory, what should the nurse focus on during care?
A. Building trust
B. Promoting autonomy
C. Encouraging industry
D. Supporting identity
B. Promoting autonomy
RATIONALE: Toddlers (ages 1–3 years) are in Erikson's
autonomy versus shame and doubt stage. Encouraging
independence through choices and self-care activities supports
healthy psychosocial development. Trust is the focus of infancy
(0–1 year), industry is the focus of school-age children (6–12
years), and identity is the focus of adolescence (12–18 years) .
5. Which child is at greatest risk for aspiration?
A. 4-year-old with ADHD
B. 9-month-old crawling infant
C. 2-year-old with autism
D. Newborn in the NICU
B. 9-month-old crawling infant
RATIONALE: Crawling infants explore their environment by
putting objects in their mouths, significantly increasing the risk of
aspiration .
6. A nurse is assessing a 6-year-old post-operative child.
Which tool is most appropriate for pain assessment?
A. FLACC scale
B. Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R)
C. CRIES scale
D. NIPS scale
