NURSING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ Which of the following is an example of the clinical manifestation
known as a sign?
A. Nausea
B. Bruise
C. Headache
D. Loss of appetite. Answer: B. Bruise
◉ Which of the following is an example of a factor that wold affect the
epidemiology of a particular disease?
A. Predictive value
B. Southeast Asian ethnicity
C. Circadian rhythms
D. Clinical manifestations. Answer: B. Southeast Asian ethnicity
, ◉ Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
A. Maintaining routine immunizations
B. Screening for cancer
C. Rehabilitating after a stroke
D. Performing monthly breast exams. Answer: A. Maintaining routine
immunizations
◉ Define Pathogenesis. Answer: development/evolution of disease and
is the initial stimulus to manifestations
◉ serotyping. Answer: distinct variation within a species of
bacteria/virus EX: salmonella
◉ GENotyping. Answer: looking at the DNA of the pathogen
◉ Signs? Symptoms?. Answer: signs are objective and observed, while
symptoms are a subjective feeling (what the patient tells you) and can be
experienced by the individual
◉ Syndrome. Answer: signs and symptoms that have not been
determined
◉ latent period. Answer: time between exposure of tissue to injurious
agent and FIRST appearance of signs and symptoms
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ Which of the following is an example of the clinical manifestation
known as a sign?
A. Nausea
B. Bruise
C. Headache
D. Loss of appetite. Answer: B. Bruise
◉ Which of the following is an example of a factor that wold affect the
epidemiology of a particular disease?
A. Predictive value
B. Southeast Asian ethnicity
C. Circadian rhythms
D. Clinical manifestations. Answer: B. Southeast Asian ethnicity
, ◉ Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
A. Maintaining routine immunizations
B. Screening for cancer
C. Rehabilitating after a stroke
D. Performing monthly breast exams. Answer: A. Maintaining routine
immunizations
◉ Define Pathogenesis. Answer: development/evolution of disease and
is the initial stimulus to manifestations
◉ serotyping. Answer: distinct variation within a species of
bacteria/virus EX: salmonella
◉ GENotyping. Answer: looking at the DNA of the pathogen
◉ Signs? Symptoms?. Answer: signs are objective and observed, while
symptoms are a subjective feeling (what the patient tells you) and can be
experienced by the individual
◉ Syndrome. Answer: signs and symptoms that have not been
determined
◉ latent period. Answer: time between exposure of tissue to injurious
agent and FIRST appearance of signs and symptoms
