Biology MyLab Mastering Chapter 9 Questions and Answers

Biology MyLab Mastering Chapter 9 Questions and
Answers

Question 1.
In glycolysis, the carbon-containing compound that functions as the electron donor is
_______.
Correct Answer: glucose


Question 2.
During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.
Correct Answer: NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space


Question 3.
T/F- A bond must be broken between an organic molecule and phosphate before ATP can
form.
Correct Answer: True


Question 4.
Where is oxidative phosphorylation located?
Correct Answer: inner mitochondrial membrane


Question 5.
Which of the following statements is not true of most cellular redox reactions?
Correct Answer: A hydrogen atom is transferred to the atom that loses an
electron. * A hydrogen atom (proton, or H+) is often transferred to the atom
that gains an electron.


Question 6.
Why is the citric acid cycle a cyclic pathway rather than a linear pathway ?
Correct Answer: It is easier to remove electrons and produce CO2 from
compounds with three or more carbon atoms than from a two-carbon compound
such as acetyl CoA.


Question 7.
In muscle cells, fermentation produces _________
Correct Answer: Lactate and NAD+


Question 8.
Which step of the cellular respiration pathway can take place in the absence of oxygen?
Correct Answer: glycolysis


Question 9.
The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is
Correct Answer: kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down
their concentration gradient



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, Question 10.
How would anaerobic conditions (when no O2 is present) affect the rate of electron
transport and ATP production during oxidative phosphorylation? (Note that you should not
consider the effect on ATP synthesis in glycolysis or the citric acid cycle.)
Correct Answer: Both electron transport and ATP synthesis would stop.


Question 11.
In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.
Correct Answer: two * It takes 2 ATP to produce 4 ATP


Question 12.
When a compound donates (loses) electrons, that compound becomes _______. Such a
compound is often referred to as an electron donor.
Correct Answer: oxidized


Question 13.
In the citric acid cycle, ATP molecules are produced by ?
Correct Answer: substrate-level phosphorylation * a phosphate group is
transferred from GTP TO ADP.


Question 14.
Example of ethanol
Correct Answer: Fermentation in yeast and bacteria


Question 15.
For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH + H+ are produced by the citric acid
cycle.
Correct Answer: 6


Question 16.
For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ acetyl CoA enter the citric acid cycle.
Correct Answer: 2 (Each glucose produces two pyruvates, each of which is
converted into acetyl CoA.)


Question 17.
In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose oxidation?
Correct Answer: Some ATP energy is used to start the process of glucose
oxidation.


Question 18.
Which term describes the degree to which an element attracts electrons?
Correct Answer: Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract
electrons toward itself.


Question 19.
Which process is not part of the cellular respiration pathway that produces large amounts
of ATP in a cell?

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