NS
,G3332/NSG 3332 FINAL Exam | Maternal-Infant Nurs
ing Care | Sou
1. A pregnant patient at 11 weeks reports unilateral pelvic pain, dizziness, and
shoulder pain. Which complication should the nurse suspect first?
A) Hyperemesis gravidarum
B) Placenta previa
C) Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
D) Round-ligament pain
Correct Answer: Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Rationale: Unilateral pelvic pain in early pregnancy accompanied by dizziness and
referred shoulder pain suggests intraperitoneal bleeding from a ruptured ectopic
pregnancy. Shoulder pain may result from diaphragmatic irritation by blood. This is an
obstetric emergency because rapid hemorrhage can lead to maternal shock.
2. Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
A) Progesterone
B) Oxytocin
C) Prolactin
D) Human chorionic gonadotropin
Correct Answer: Human chorionic gonadotropin
Rationale: Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by trophoblastic tissue after
implantation. It prevents degeneration of the corpus luteum so progesterone production
continues until placental hormone production becomes sufficient.
3. Which fetal structure allows blood to move directly from the right atrium to the left
atrium?
A) Ductus arteriosus
B) Foramen ovale
C) Ductus venosus
D) Umbilical vein
Correct Answer: Foramen ovale
Rationale: The foramen ovale is a fetal shunt that directs blood from the right atrium into
the left atrium, bypassing the high-resistance fetal pulmonary circulation.
4. Which umbilical vessel carries oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus?
A) Umbilical vein
B) Right umbilical artery
, C) Left umbilical artery
D) Ductus arteriosus
Correct Answer: Umbilical vein
Rationale: The single umbilical vein transports oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the
placenta to the fetus. The two umbilical arteries return deoxygenated blood to the placenta.
5. At approximately 20 weeks of gestation, the uterine fundus is expected to be located
near the:
A) Umbilicus.
B) Xiphoid process.
C) Symphysis pubis.
D) Costal margin.
Correct Answer: Umbilicus.
Rationale: At about 20 weeks, the fundus commonly reaches the level of the umbilicus.
From roughly 20 to 36 weeks, fundal height in centimeters often approximates gestational
age in weeks.
6. Which finding is a positive sign of pregnancy?
A) Amenorrhea
B) Nausea
C) Fetal heart activity detected by an examiner
D) Positive urine pregnancy test
Correct Answer: Fetal heart activity detected by an examiner
Rationale: Positive signs of pregnancy are findings that can only be explained by the
presence of a fetus, such as fetal heart activity, fetal movement palpated by the examiner,
or visualization of the fetus on ultrasound.
7. A pregnant patient is Rh negative and has a negative antibody screen. Why is
Rho(D) immune globulin administered?
A) To increase maternal hemoglobin
B) To treat fetal anemia
C) To increase placental blood flow
D) To prevent maternal sensitization to Rh-positive fetal erythrocytes
Correct Answer: To prevent maternal sensitization to Rh-positive fetal erythrocytes
Rationale: Rho(D) immune globulin prevents the maternal immune system from forming
anti-D antibodies after exposure to Rh-positive fetal red blood cells. It is preventive and
does not reverse established sensitization.
,G3332/NSG 3332 FINAL Exam | Maternal-Infant Nurs
ing Care | Sou
1. A pregnant patient at 11 weeks reports unilateral pelvic pain, dizziness, and
shoulder pain. Which complication should the nurse suspect first?
A) Hyperemesis gravidarum
B) Placenta previa
C) Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
D) Round-ligament pain
Correct Answer: Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Rationale: Unilateral pelvic pain in early pregnancy accompanied by dizziness and
referred shoulder pain suggests intraperitoneal bleeding from a ruptured ectopic
pregnancy. Shoulder pain may result from diaphragmatic irritation by blood. This is an
obstetric emergency because rapid hemorrhage can lead to maternal shock.
2. Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
A) Progesterone
B) Oxytocin
C) Prolactin
D) Human chorionic gonadotropin
Correct Answer: Human chorionic gonadotropin
Rationale: Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by trophoblastic tissue after
implantation. It prevents degeneration of the corpus luteum so progesterone production
continues until placental hormone production becomes sufficient.
3. Which fetal structure allows blood to move directly from the right atrium to the left
atrium?
A) Ductus arteriosus
B) Foramen ovale
C) Ductus venosus
D) Umbilical vein
Correct Answer: Foramen ovale
Rationale: The foramen ovale is a fetal shunt that directs blood from the right atrium into
the left atrium, bypassing the high-resistance fetal pulmonary circulation.
4. Which umbilical vessel carries oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus?
A) Umbilical vein
B) Right umbilical artery
, C) Left umbilical artery
D) Ductus arteriosus
Correct Answer: Umbilical vein
Rationale: The single umbilical vein transports oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the
placenta to the fetus. The two umbilical arteries return deoxygenated blood to the placenta.
5. At approximately 20 weeks of gestation, the uterine fundus is expected to be located
near the:
A) Umbilicus.
B) Xiphoid process.
C) Symphysis pubis.
D) Costal margin.
Correct Answer: Umbilicus.
Rationale: At about 20 weeks, the fundus commonly reaches the level of the umbilicus.
From roughly 20 to 36 weeks, fundal height in centimeters often approximates gestational
age in weeks.
6. Which finding is a positive sign of pregnancy?
A) Amenorrhea
B) Nausea
C) Fetal heart activity detected by an examiner
D) Positive urine pregnancy test
Correct Answer: Fetal heart activity detected by an examiner
Rationale: Positive signs of pregnancy are findings that can only be explained by the
presence of a fetus, such as fetal heart activity, fetal movement palpated by the examiner,
or visualization of the fetus on ultrasound.
7. A pregnant patient is Rh negative and has a negative antibody screen. Why is
Rho(D) immune globulin administered?
A) To increase maternal hemoglobin
B) To treat fetal anemia
C) To increase placental blood flow
D) To prevent maternal sensitization to Rh-positive fetal erythrocytes
Correct Answer: To prevent maternal sensitization to Rh-positive fetal erythrocytes
Rationale: Rho(D) immune globulin prevents the maternal immune system from forming
anti-D antibodies after exposure to Rh-positive fetal red blood cells. It is preventive and
does not reverse established sensitization.
