NURS 5315 Shock 2026/2027: 70 Exam Questions & Answers | Hypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Septic & Anaphylactic Shock, MODS

This NURS 5315 Shock 2026/2027 exam preparation document contains 70 multiple-choice questions with answers and detailed rationales covering the pathophysiology, stages, clinical manifestations, compensatory mechanisms, and management principles of shock. Major topics include hypovolemic shock, cardiogenic shock, distributive and septic shock, anaphylactic shock, compensated and decompensated shock, irreversible shock, tissue hypoperfusion, lactic acidosis, fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, sepsis, and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). NURS 5315 Shock 2026 The document begins with the fundamental pathophysiology of shock and inadequate tissue perfusion. Questions connect impaired oxygen and nutrient delivery with reduced oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, anaerobic metabolism, lactic acid accumulation, metabolic acidosis, sodium-potassium pump dysfunction, cellular swelling, and progressive organ dysfunction. Students also review physiological compensation through baroreceptor activation, sympathetic nervous system stimulation, catecholamine release, tachycardia, vasoconstriction, increased systemic vascular resistance, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). NURS 5315 Shock 2026 A substantial portion differentiates the stages of shock. Compensated shock is associated in the document with sympathetic activation, tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, cold clammy skin, and redistribution of blood toward vital organs. Decompensated shock progresses to hypotension, weak or thready pulses, worsening metabolic acidosis, capillary leakage, decreased urine output, and changes in mental status. Irreversible shock is associated with severe organ failure, including anuria and deterioration of effective cardiac function. NURS 5315 Shock 2026 The questions also distinguish major shock classifications and hemodynamic mechanisms. Hypovolemic shock is reviewed in relation to hemorrhage and decreased circulating volume, while cardiogenic shock is linked to myocardial infarction, reduced cardiac output, increased preload, and the potential for excessive fluid administration to worsen pulmonary edema. Distributive shock is presented as widespread vasodilation with reduced systemic vascular resistance, providing the physiological framework for the document's later coverage of septic and anaphylactic shock. NURS 5315 Shock 2026 The anaphylactic shock section reviews allergen-triggered systemic reactions, mast-cell and basophil mediator release, histamine, leukotrienes, vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction, hypotension, angioedema, wheezing, urticaria, and gastrointestinal manifestations. Treatment-related questions cover epinephrine and alpha-1-mediated vasoconstriction, isotonic crystalloid resuscitation, albuterol for severe bronchospasm, H1 antihistamines for hives and itching, and corticosteroids as described in the source material. NURS 5315 Shock 2026 Another high-yield section focuses on sepsis and septic shock, including systemic vasodilation, reduced systemic vascular resistance, persistent hypotension, vasopressor use, mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum lactate, inflammatory responses, TNF-alpha, SIRS concepts, SOFA scoring, organ dysfunction, and ARDS. The document specifically teaches a MAP target of at least 65 mm Hg and connects elevated serum lactate with impaired tissue perfusion and anaerobic metabolism. NURS 5315 Shock 2026 The final section provides detailed practice on multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Questions progress through initial, intermediate, progressive, late, and chronic phases, addressing compensatory tachycardia, ARDS and mechanical ventilation, gastrointestinal dysfunction and ileus, worsening organ failure, prognosis, and prolonged rehabilitation among survivors. This progression makes the document useful not only for memorizing shock terminology but also for understanding how persistent systemic hypoperfusion and inflammation can develop into progressive multi-system dysfunction. NURS 5315 Shock 2026 Relevant students: This resource is particularly relevant to NURS 5315 students, nursing students, advanced practice nursing students, nurse practitioner students, critical care nursing students, emergency nursing students, pathophysiology students, and other health-sciences students studying shock, sepsis, hemodynamics, perfusion, and critical illness. It is suited to exam preparation, active recall, self-testing, and review of clinical manifestations and physiological mechanisms. The uploaded document does not specify a university, so an institution should not be attributed to the material without additional evidence. NURS 5315 Shock 2026 Academic References: Hall, J. E., & Hall, M. E. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Elsevier. Relevant sections provide foundational physiology for tissue perfusion, cardiac output, circulatory shock, sympathetic compensation, RAAS, ADH, and cardiovascular regulation. Jameson, J. L., Fauci, A. S., Kasper, D. L., Hauser, S. L., Loscalzo, J., & Longo, D. L. (Eds.). Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. McGraw Hill. Relevant chapters provide clinical background on shock, sepsis, anaphylaxis, organ dysfunction, and critical illness. These references provide academic context; the description of what is actually contained in this study resource is based on the uploaded document itself. 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