PSYC 101 Final Exam V1 | PSYC 101 General
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale (PSYC101
Final Exam) | Portage Learning
1. Who is traditionally credited as the founder of psychology and established the first
psychology laboratory in 1879?
A. William James
B. Sigmund Freud
C. John B. Watson
D. Wilhelm Wundt
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Wilhelm Wundt is widely recognized as the father of modern psychology for
establishing the first experimental lab in Leipzig. He focused on structuralism and utilized
introspection to break down consciousness into basic elements. His work paved the way
for psychology to emerge as a distinct scientific discipline from philosophy.
2. Which of the following research methods involves an in-depth investigation of a single
individual or small group?
A. Experimental Method
B. Naturalistic Observation
C. Survey
,D. Case Study
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The case study method provides rich, qualitative data about a specific
subject’s unique circumstances. While it offers deep insight, the findings often cannot be
generalized to the broader population. Researchers typically use this when studying rare
conditions or specific behavioral phenomena.
3. In an experiment studying the effects of caffeine on memory, what is the independent
variable?
A. The memory test scores
B. The time of day the test is taken
C. The age of the participants
D. The amount of caffeine administered
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The independent variable is the factor that the researcher manipulates to see
its effect on another variable. In this scenario, the dosage of caffeine is changed to observe
changes in memory performance. The memory scores would be the dependent variable, as
they depend on the manipulation.
4. Identify all regions that are considered major lobes of the cerebral cortex. (Select All That
Apply)
A. Frontal Lobe
, B. Parietal Lobe
C. Occipital Lobe
D. Cerebellum
E. Temporal Lobe
F. Brainstem
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
Explanation: The cerebral cortex is divided into four main lobes: the frontal, parietal,
temporal, and occipital lobes. The cerebellum and brainstem are distinct structures located
beneath the cortex that handle motor coordination and vital life functions. Each lobe is
specialized for different tasks, such as vision in the occipital lobe and executive function in
the frontal lobe.
5. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?
A. Dendrites
B. Myelin Sheath
C. Axon
D. Terminal Buttons
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Dendrites are the branch-like structures that extend from the cell body to
pick up chemical messages. These signals are then passed toward the soma to determine if
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale (PSYC101
Final Exam) | Portage Learning
1. Who is traditionally credited as the founder of psychology and established the first
psychology laboratory in 1879?
A. William James
B. Sigmund Freud
C. John B. Watson
D. Wilhelm Wundt
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Wilhelm Wundt is widely recognized as the father of modern psychology for
establishing the first experimental lab in Leipzig. He focused on structuralism and utilized
introspection to break down consciousness into basic elements. His work paved the way
for psychology to emerge as a distinct scientific discipline from philosophy.
2. Which of the following research methods involves an in-depth investigation of a single
individual or small group?
A. Experimental Method
B. Naturalistic Observation
C. Survey
,D. Case Study
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The case study method provides rich, qualitative data about a specific
subject’s unique circumstances. While it offers deep insight, the findings often cannot be
generalized to the broader population. Researchers typically use this when studying rare
conditions or specific behavioral phenomena.
3. In an experiment studying the effects of caffeine on memory, what is the independent
variable?
A. The memory test scores
B. The time of day the test is taken
C. The age of the participants
D. The amount of caffeine administered
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The independent variable is the factor that the researcher manipulates to see
its effect on another variable. In this scenario, the dosage of caffeine is changed to observe
changes in memory performance. The memory scores would be the dependent variable, as
they depend on the manipulation.
4. Identify all regions that are considered major lobes of the cerebral cortex. (Select All That
Apply)
A. Frontal Lobe
, B. Parietal Lobe
C. Occipital Lobe
D. Cerebellum
E. Temporal Lobe
F. Brainstem
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
Explanation: The cerebral cortex is divided into four main lobes: the frontal, parietal,
temporal, and occipital lobes. The cerebellum and brainstem are distinct structures located
beneath the cortex that handle motor coordination and vital life functions. Each lobe is
specialized for different tasks, such as vision in the occipital lobe and executive function in
the frontal lobe.
5. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?
A. Dendrites
B. Myelin Sheath
C. Axon
D. Terminal Buttons
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Dendrites are the branch-like structures that extend from the cell body to
pick up chemical messages. These signals are then passed toward the soma to determine if
