NR 511 ADVANCED PHYSICAL
ASSESSMENT EXAM 2 QUESTIONS &
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026/2027 UPDATE
1. A 55-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with a chronic cough and dyspnea.
His spirometry shows an FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.62. Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
B. Restrictive Lung Disease
C. Acute Bronchitis
D. Congestive Heart Failure
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 0.70 is the
diagnostic hallmark for COPD.
2. According to the GINA guidelines, what is the preferred reliever for patients with mild
asthma (Step 1-2)?
A. Low-dose ICS-formoterol as needed
B. Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) alone
C. Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) alone
,D. Oral corticosteroids
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: GINA guidelines now recommend low-dose ICS-formoterol as
the preferred reliever to reduce the risk of severe exacerbations compared to SABA alone.
3. A patient presents with a ‘curtain coming down’ over their vision and flashes of light. This
is most characteristic of which condition?
A. Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
B. Retinal Detachment
C. Cataracts
D. Macular Degeneration
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Retinal detachment typically presents with sudden flashes
(photopsia), floaters, and a shadow or ‘curtain’ descending over the visual field.
4. Which heart murmur is best heard at the 2nd intercostal space, right sternal border,
radiating to the carotids?
A. Mitral Regurgitation
B. Aortic Stenosis
C. Mitral Stenosis
D. Aortic Regurgitation
, Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Aortic Stenosis is a systolic murmur characterized by its location
at the right upper sternal border and radiation to the carotid arteries.
5. In a patient with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) who has no comorbidities and no
risk factors for MRSA or Pseudomonas, what is the first-line antibiotic choice?
A. Levofloxacin
B. Amoxicillin 1g TID
C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Vancomycin
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Current guidelines recommend high-dose Amoxicillin,
Doxycycline, or a Macrolide (if local resistance is low) for healthy outpatients with CAP.
6. Which of the following is a classic symptom of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma?
A. Painless loss of peripheral vision
B. Itchy, red eyes with watery discharge
C. Severe eye pain, halos around lights, and a mid-dilated pupil
D. Gradual blurring of central vision
Answer: C
ASSESSMENT EXAM 2 QUESTIONS &
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026/2027 UPDATE
1. A 55-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with a chronic cough and dyspnea.
His spirometry shows an FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.62. Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
B. Restrictive Lung Disease
C. Acute Bronchitis
D. Congestive Heart Failure
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 0.70 is the
diagnostic hallmark for COPD.
2. According to the GINA guidelines, what is the preferred reliever for patients with mild
asthma (Step 1-2)?
A. Low-dose ICS-formoterol as needed
B. Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) alone
C. Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) alone
,D. Oral corticosteroids
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: GINA guidelines now recommend low-dose ICS-formoterol as
the preferred reliever to reduce the risk of severe exacerbations compared to SABA alone.
3. A patient presents with a ‘curtain coming down’ over their vision and flashes of light. This
is most characteristic of which condition?
A. Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
B. Retinal Detachment
C. Cataracts
D. Macular Degeneration
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Retinal detachment typically presents with sudden flashes
(photopsia), floaters, and a shadow or ‘curtain’ descending over the visual field.
4. Which heart murmur is best heard at the 2nd intercostal space, right sternal border,
radiating to the carotids?
A. Mitral Regurgitation
B. Aortic Stenosis
C. Mitral Stenosis
D. Aortic Regurgitation
, Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Aortic Stenosis is a systolic murmur characterized by its location
at the right upper sternal border and radiation to the carotid arteries.
5. In a patient with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) who has no comorbidities and no
risk factors for MRSA or Pseudomonas, what is the first-line antibiotic choice?
A. Levofloxacin
B. Amoxicillin 1g TID
C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Vancomycin
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Current guidelines recommend high-dose Amoxicillin,
Doxycycline, or a Macrolide (if local resistance is low) for healthy outpatients with CAP.
6. Which of the following is a classic symptom of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma?
A. Painless loss of peripheral vision
B. Itchy, red eyes with watery discharge
C. Severe eye pain, halos around lights, and a mid-dilated pupil
D. Gradual blurring of central vision
Answer: C
