anterior/posterior
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anterior: nearer to or at the front of the body
posterior: nearer to or at the back of the body
transitional epithelium
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, -has variable appearance: when relaxed = stratified cuboidal; when
stretched = stratified squamous
-allows urinary organs to stretch and maintain protective lining without
rupturing
-ex. urinary bladder and portions of ureters and urethra
define electrical gradient
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a difference in electrical charges between two regions
describe and provide an example of a negative feedback system
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-the response of the effector negates the stimulus; body is brought back
into homeostasis; normal range is achieved; leads to stability
ex/ regulation of blood pressure:
stimulus disrupts homeostasis by increasing controlled condition (blood
pressure). receptor (baroreceptors) send input (nerve impulse) to control
centre (brain). Brain sends output (nerve impulse) to effector (heart and
blood vessels) . A response (lower heart rate and dilate blood vessels)
occurs which brings blood pressure back to normal range
structure and function of tight junctions
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, -weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse together the outer
surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways between
adjacent cells
-inhibit passage of substances between cells and prevent contents of these
organs from leaking into the blood or surrounding tissues
describe the arrangement and function of integral proteins (plasma membrane
protein)
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-extend into or through the lipid bilayer and are firmly embedded in it
-amphipathic
-ex/ transmembrane proteins = span entire lipid bilayer and protrude into
both the cytosol and the extracellular fluid
-channel proteins = form ion channels so that specific ions can flow into or
out of the cell
-carrier/transporter = selectively move an ion or polar substance from one
side of the membrane to the other
-receptors = cellular recognition sites; each receptor recognizes and binds
a specific type of molecule
-enzymes = catalyze specific chemical reactions at the inside or outside
surface of the cell
-linkers = anchor proteins in the plasma membrane of neighbouring cells to
one another or to protein filaments to inside or outside of cell
structure and function of desmosomes
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-contain plaque that attaches to intermediate filaments and have
transmembrane glycoproteins that extend into the intercellular space
between adjacent cell membranes and attach cells to one another
-contributes to stability of cells and tissue; prevent epidermal cells from
, separating under tension and cardiac cells from pulling apart during
contraction
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
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-single layer of ciliated columnlike cells with Goblet cells interspersed
-movement of mucus and foreign particles
-ex. lines bronchioles, fallopian tubes, uterus
major components and function of integumentary system
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-skin and its derivatives
-protects body; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some wastes
pericardial cavity
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space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart
describe components of homeostatic feedback system
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anterior: nearer to or at the front of the body
posterior: nearer to or at the back of the body
transitional epithelium
Give this one a try later!
, -has variable appearance: when relaxed = stratified cuboidal; when
stretched = stratified squamous
-allows urinary organs to stretch and maintain protective lining without
rupturing
-ex. urinary bladder and portions of ureters and urethra
define electrical gradient
Give this one a try later!
a difference in electrical charges between two regions
describe and provide an example of a negative feedback system
Give this one a try later!
-the response of the effector negates the stimulus; body is brought back
into homeostasis; normal range is achieved; leads to stability
ex/ regulation of blood pressure:
stimulus disrupts homeostasis by increasing controlled condition (blood
pressure). receptor (baroreceptors) send input (nerve impulse) to control
centre (brain). Brain sends output (nerve impulse) to effector (heart and
blood vessels) . A response (lower heart rate and dilate blood vessels)
occurs which brings blood pressure back to normal range
structure and function of tight junctions
Give this one a try later!
, -weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse together the outer
surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways between
adjacent cells
-inhibit passage of substances between cells and prevent contents of these
organs from leaking into the blood or surrounding tissues
describe the arrangement and function of integral proteins (plasma membrane
protein)
Give this one a try later!
-extend into or through the lipid bilayer and are firmly embedded in it
-amphipathic
-ex/ transmembrane proteins = span entire lipid bilayer and protrude into
both the cytosol and the extracellular fluid
-channel proteins = form ion channels so that specific ions can flow into or
out of the cell
-carrier/transporter = selectively move an ion or polar substance from one
side of the membrane to the other
-receptors = cellular recognition sites; each receptor recognizes and binds
a specific type of molecule
-enzymes = catalyze specific chemical reactions at the inside or outside
surface of the cell
-linkers = anchor proteins in the plasma membrane of neighbouring cells to
one another or to protein filaments to inside or outside of cell
structure and function of desmosomes
Give this one a try later!
-contain plaque that attaches to intermediate filaments and have
transmembrane glycoproteins that extend into the intercellular space
between adjacent cell membranes and attach cells to one another
-contributes to stability of cells and tissue; prevent epidermal cells from
, separating under tension and cardiac cells from pulling apart during
contraction
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
Give this one a try later!
-single layer of ciliated columnlike cells with Goblet cells interspersed
-movement of mucus and foreign particles
-ex. lines bronchioles, fallopian tubes, uterus
major components and function of integumentary system
Give this one a try later!
-skin and its derivatives
-protects body; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some wastes
pericardial cavity
Give this one a try later!
space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart
describe components of homeostatic feedback system
Give this one a try later!
