APHY 101 MIDTERM EXAM GUIDE 2026 (IVY TECH):
QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED PASS!!
Muscle tissue
ANS: function= movement. Location= attached to bones, in the walls of hollow
internal organs, heart. Characteristics= contract in response to stimuli
Nervous tissue
ANS: function= conduct impulses for coordination, regulation, integration, and
sensory reception. Location= brain, spinal cord, nerves. Characteristics=
communicate with each other and other body parts
Basement membrane of epithelial tissues
ANS: anchors epithelium to underlying connective tissue.
Simple
ANS: a single layer of cells
Stratified
ANS: A thick epithelium, because of the several layers of cells.
Pseudostratified columnar
ANS: Single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface;
nuclei seen at different levels; may contain goblet cells and bear cilia.
Transitional epithelium
ANS: specialized to change in response to increased tension
Squamous
ANS: these cells fit tightly together, somewhat like floor tiles, and their nuclei are
usually broad and thin
Decomposition reaction
ANS: A reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more
simpler substances
AB --> A+B
,Exchange reaction
ANS: Chemical reaction in which bonds are both made and broken; atoms become
combined with different atoms.,
AB+CD ---> AD+CB
Reversible reaction
ANS: A reaction in which the conversion of reactants to products and the
conversion of products to reactants occur simultaneously. It's shown by a double
arrow,
A + B <--> AB
Electrolyte
ANS: Substances that release ions in water
Acid
ANS: Electrolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions (H+) in water; a ph
below 7.
Base
ANS: Substances that combine with hydrogen ion; releases hydroxide ions (OH-);
A substance with a ph above 7
Neutral
ANS: A ph of 7., A liquid that is neither an acid nor base
Acidosis
ANS: blood ph falls to 7.0 to 7.3, makes one feel disoriented and fatigued, and
breathing may become difficult.
Alkalosis
ANS: Blood ph of 7.5 to 7
Organic compound
ANS: compounds that have carbon and hydrogen
Inorganic compound
ANS: compounds that do not have carbon and hydrogen
, Carbohydrates
ANS: organic compound; made of elements C,H,O; simple sugar; provides the
cell energy, cell structure; examples = glucose, starch
Lipids
ANS: organic compound; made of C,H,O, and often P; glycerol, fatty acids, and
phosphate groups; Provides the cell energy, cell structure; triglycerides,
phospholipids, and steroids
Proteins
ANS: organic compound; made of C,H,O,N and often S; amino acids; provide cell
structure, enzymes, energy; albumins, hemoglobin
Nucleic Acids
ANS: Organic compound; made of C,H,O,N,P; nucleotides; stores information for
the synthesis of proteins, control cell activities; RNA DNA
Unsaturated fat
ANS: A fat that has fewer hydrogen atoms because double bonds exist among
some of the carbon atoms.
Cuboidal
ANS: cube-shaped cells
Columnar
ANS: Elongated cells
Simple squamous
ANS: function= filtration, diffusion, osmosis, covers surface
Location= air sacs of lungs, walls of capillaries, lining of blood vessels
Anatomy
ANS: examines the structures of body parts
Physiology
ANS: examines the functions of body parts, what they do and how they do it
QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED PASS!!
Muscle tissue
ANS: function= movement. Location= attached to bones, in the walls of hollow
internal organs, heart. Characteristics= contract in response to stimuli
Nervous tissue
ANS: function= conduct impulses for coordination, regulation, integration, and
sensory reception. Location= brain, spinal cord, nerves. Characteristics=
communicate with each other and other body parts
Basement membrane of epithelial tissues
ANS: anchors epithelium to underlying connective tissue.
Simple
ANS: a single layer of cells
Stratified
ANS: A thick epithelium, because of the several layers of cells.
Pseudostratified columnar
ANS: Single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface;
nuclei seen at different levels; may contain goblet cells and bear cilia.
Transitional epithelium
ANS: specialized to change in response to increased tension
Squamous
ANS: these cells fit tightly together, somewhat like floor tiles, and their nuclei are
usually broad and thin
Decomposition reaction
ANS: A reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more
simpler substances
AB --> A+B
,Exchange reaction
ANS: Chemical reaction in which bonds are both made and broken; atoms become
combined with different atoms.,
AB+CD ---> AD+CB
Reversible reaction
ANS: A reaction in which the conversion of reactants to products and the
conversion of products to reactants occur simultaneously. It's shown by a double
arrow,
A + B <--> AB
Electrolyte
ANS: Substances that release ions in water
Acid
ANS: Electrolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions (H+) in water; a ph
below 7.
Base
ANS: Substances that combine with hydrogen ion; releases hydroxide ions (OH-);
A substance with a ph above 7
Neutral
ANS: A ph of 7., A liquid that is neither an acid nor base
Acidosis
ANS: blood ph falls to 7.0 to 7.3, makes one feel disoriented and fatigued, and
breathing may become difficult.
Alkalosis
ANS: Blood ph of 7.5 to 7
Organic compound
ANS: compounds that have carbon and hydrogen
Inorganic compound
ANS: compounds that do not have carbon and hydrogen
, Carbohydrates
ANS: organic compound; made of elements C,H,O; simple sugar; provides the
cell energy, cell structure; examples = glucose, starch
Lipids
ANS: organic compound; made of C,H,O, and often P; glycerol, fatty acids, and
phosphate groups; Provides the cell energy, cell structure; triglycerides,
phospholipids, and steroids
Proteins
ANS: organic compound; made of C,H,O,N and often S; amino acids; provide cell
structure, enzymes, energy; albumins, hemoglobin
Nucleic Acids
ANS: Organic compound; made of C,H,O,N,P; nucleotides; stores information for
the synthesis of proteins, control cell activities; RNA DNA
Unsaturated fat
ANS: A fat that has fewer hydrogen atoms because double bonds exist among
some of the carbon atoms.
Cuboidal
ANS: cube-shaped cells
Columnar
ANS: Elongated cells
Simple squamous
ANS: function= filtration, diffusion, osmosis, covers surface
Location= air sacs of lungs, walls of capillaries, lining of blood vessels
Anatomy
ANS: examines the structures of body parts
Physiology
ANS: examines the functions of body parts, what they do and how they do it
