BIOL 252 Human Anatomy &
Physiology II — Module 9 EXAM
PRACTICE 250 QUESTIONS |ORIGINAL
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |DETAILED
RATIONALES |HINTED COMPLETE
EXAM PREP GRADED A+*INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which gland is considered the “master gland” because it
regulates several other endocrine glands?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pineal
Answer: C. Pituitary
Rationale: The pituitary secretes hormones that regulate several
other endocrine organs, although its activity is itself controlled
substantially by the hypothalamus.
2. Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
C. Antidiuretic hormone
D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
,Answer: C. Antidiuretic hormone
Rationale: ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported
to the posterior pituitary for storage and release.
3. What is the primary effect of antidiuretic hormone on the
kidneys?
A. Decreases sodium reabsorption
B. Increases water reabsorption
C. Increases glucose excretion
D. Decreases blood volume
Answer: B. Increases water reabsorption
Rationale: ADH increases the permeability of collecting ducts to
water, promoting water reabsorption and helping maintain blood
volume and osmolarity.
4. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid
hormones?
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. FSH
D. GH
Answer: B. TSH
Rationale: Thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary
stimulates thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion.
5. Which thyroid hormone generally has the greatest biological
activity?
,A. T1
B. T2
C. T3
D. TSH
Answer: C. T3
Rationale: Triiodothyronine (T3) is more biologically active than
thyroxine (T4), although the thyroid secretes more T4.
6. What mineral is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis?
A. Calcium
B. Iodine
C. Iron
D. Potassium
Answer: B. Iodine
Rationale: Iodine atoms are incorporated into T3 and T4 during
thyroid hormone synthesis.
7. Which hormone lowers blood glucose concentration?
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Insulin
D. Epinephrine
Answer: C. Insulin
Rationale: Insulin promotes glucose uptake and storage, reducing
blood glucose concentration.
8. Which pancreatic hormone raises blood glucose?
, A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Melatonin
D. Calcitonin
Answer: B. Glucagon
Rationale: Glucagon stimulates glycogen breakdown and glucose
production, increasing blood glucose.
9. Which cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin?
A. Alpha cells
B. Beta cells
C. Delta cells
D. Acinar cells
Answer: B. Beta cells
Rationale: Beta cells secrete insulin, whereas alpha cells primarily
secrete glucagon.
10. Which hormone promotes calcium deposition into bone?
A. Parathyroid hormone
B. Calcitonin
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
Answer: B. Calcitonin
Rationale: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium concentration, partly by
inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting calcium deposition in
bone.
Physiology II — Module 9 EXAM
PRACTICE 250 QUESTIONS |ORIGINAL
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |DETAILED
RATIONALES |HINTED COMPLETE
EXAM PREP GRADED A+*INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which gland is considered the “master gland” because it
regulates several other endocrine glands?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pineal
Answer: C. Pituitary
Rationale: The pituitary secretes hormones that regulate several
other endocrine organs, although its activity is itself controlled
substantially by the hypothalamus.
2. Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
C. Antidiuretic hormone
D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
,Answer: C. Antidiuretic hormone
Rationale: ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported
to the posterior pituitary for storage and release.
3. What is the primary effect of antidiuretic hormone on the
kidneys?
A. Decreases sodium reabsorption
B. Increases water reabsorption
C. Increases glucose excretion
D. Decreases blood volume
Answer: B. Increases water reabsorption
Rationale: ADH increases the permeability of collecting ducts to
water, promoting water reabsorption and helping maintain blood
volume and osmolarity.
4. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid
hormones?
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. FSH
D. GH
Answer: B. TSH
Rationale: Thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary
stimulates thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion.
5. Which thyroid hormone generally has the greatest biological
activity?
,A. T1
B. T2
C. T3
D. TSH
Answer: C. T3
Rationale: Triiodothyronine (T3) is more biologically active than
thyroxine (T4), although the thyroid secretes more T4.
6. What mineral is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis?
A. Calcium
B. Iodine
C. Iron
D. Potassium
Answer: B. Iodine
Rationale: Iodine atoms are incorporated into T3 and T4 during
thyroid hormone synthesis.
7. Which hormone lowers blood glucose concentration?
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Insulin
D. Epinephrine
Answer: C. Insulin
Rationale: Insulin promotes glucose uptake and storage, reducing
blood glucose concentration.
8. Which pancreatic hormone raises blood glucose?
, A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Melatonin
D. Calcitonin
Answer: B. Glucagon
Rationale: Glucagon stimulates glycogen breakdown and glucose
production, increasing blood glucose.
9. Which cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin?
A. Alpha cells
B. Beta cells
C. Delta cells
D. Acinar cells
Answer: B. Beta cells
Rationale: Beta cells secrete insulin, whereas alpha cells primarily
secrete glucagon.
10. Which hormone promotes calcium deposition into bone?
A. Parathyroid hormone
B. Calcitonin
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
Answer: B. Calcitonin
Rationale: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium concentration, partly by
inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting calcium deposition in
bone.
