PNC4 EXAM #1 2026/2027 | NURSING STUDY GUIDE, EXAM
REVIEW & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
A nurse wishes to obtain data about a new patient's self-esteem. To gain the clearest picture,
the nurse uses which assessment technique? - Correct answer ✔✔ Interviewing the patient in
an unstructured format
Lewin's Change Model - Correct answer ✔✔ "Unfreezing"
• Unfreezing is the process which involves finding a method of making it possible for people to
let go of an old pattern that was counterproductive in some way.
"Moving to a new level or Changing" or Movement
• This stage involves a process of change in thoughts, feeling, behavior, or all three, that is in
some way more liberating or more productive.
"Refreezing"
• Refreezing is establishing the change as a new habit, so that it now becomes the "standard
operating procedure."
A nursing instructor assigns their clinical group the task of writing a journal depicting the
student's clinical day. What is the most likely rationale for this assignment? - Correct answer
✔✔ Journaling allows reflection, an important critical thinking skill.
Which statement is included in the clinical reasoning communication category? - Correct answer
✔✔ Relying heavily on analytic reasoning that requires systematically breaking a situation down
into parts, examining alternatives, and weighing options.
, The nurse teaches a student nurse about how to apply the Tanner Model of Clinical Judgment
when providing patient care. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates that
teaching was successful? - Correct answer ✔✔ The Tanner Model has four aspects of clinical
judgment.
The nurse uses clinical judgment to compare actual nursing outcomes to the expected nursing
outcomes to - Correct answer ✔✔ Determine if progress is made or to determine if revisions
are needed.
Nurses design interventions that are: - Correct answer ✔✔ Based on clinical reasoning and
expected to help the patient meet goals quickly
An interpretivist nurse is caring for a patient in the hospital setting. Which of the following
factors will the interpretivist consider when caring for this patient? (Select all that apply.) -
Correct answer ✔✔ Context of care
What the nurse personally brings to the caring encounter
The nurse's previous experiences, values, and emotions
You are a new graduate nurse working with a nurse who has been out of school for 10 years.
The seasoned nurse states, "I don't see the difference between this clinical reasoning and the
nursing process." Which of the following statements would be an appropriate response? (Select
all that apply.) - Correct answer ✔✔ Clinical reasoning involves reflecting on interventions and
reevaluating the plan of care based on the results of reflection.
Clinical reasoning is the thinking process by which a nurse reaches a clinical judgment.
Clinical reasoning is an iterative process of noticing, interpreting, and responding-reasoning in
transition with a fine attunement to the patient and how the patient responds to the nurse's
actions.
REVIEW & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
A nurse wishes to obtain data about a new patient's self-esteem. To gain the clearest picture,
the nurse uses which assessment technique? - Correct answer ✔✔ Interviewing the patient in
an unstructured format
Lewin's Change Model - Correct answer ✔✔ "Unfreezing"
• Unfreezing is the process which involves finding a method of making it possible for people to
let go of an old pattern that was counterproductive in some way.
"Moving to a new level or Changing" or Movement
• This stage involves a process of change in thoughts, feeling, behavior, or all three, that is in
some way more liberating or more productive.
"Refreezing"
• Refreezing is establishing the change as a new habit, so that it now becomes the "standard
operating procedure."
A nursing instructor assigns their clinical group the task of writing a journal depicting the
student's clinical day. What is the most likely rationale for this assignment? - Correct answer
✔✔ Journaling allows reflection, an important critical thinking skill.
Which statement is included in the clinical reasoning communication category? - Correct answer
✔✔ Relying heavily on analytic reasoning that requires systematically breaking a situation down
into parts, examining alternatives, and weighing options.
, The nurse teaches a student nurse about how to apply the Tanner Model of Clinical Judgment
when providing patient care. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates that
teaching was successful? - Correct answer ✔✔ The Tanner Model has four aspects of clinical
judgment.
The nurse uses clinical judgment to compare actual nursing outcomes to the expected nursing
outcomes to - Correct answer ✔✔ Determine if progress is made or to determine if revisions
are needed.
Nurses design interventions that are: - Correct answer ✔✔ Based on clinical reasoning and
expected to help the patient meet goals quickly
An interpretivist nurse is caring for a patient in the hospital setting. Which of the following
factors will the interpretivist consider when caring for this patient? (Select all that apply.) -
Correct answer ✔✔ Context of care
What the nurse personally brings to the caring encounter
The nurse's previous experiences, values, and emotions
You are a new graduate nurse working with a nurse who has been out of school for 10 years.
The seasoned nurse states, "I don't see the difference between this clinical reasoning and the
nursing process." Which of the following statements would be an appropriate response? (Select
all that apply.) - Correct answer ✔✔ Clinical reasoning involves reflecting on interventions and
reevaluating the plan of care based on the results of reflection.
Clinical reasoning is the thinking process by which a nurse reaches a clinical judgment.
Clinical reasoning is an iterative process of noticing, interpreting, and responding-reasoning in
transition with a fine attunement to the patient and how the patient responds to the nurse's
actions.
